金融开放助力海南自由贸易港建设:当前进展、面临挑战与纵深推进

Financial Opening Up Contributing to the Construction of Hainan Free Trade Port: Current Progress, Challenges and Further Promotion

金融开放对于海南自由贸易港建设的战略意义在于为探索制度型开放先行先试、助力贸易投融资自由化便利化、对接国际高标准经贸规则以及拓宽“一线管住、二线放开”的金融内涵。目前自贸港的金融开放在构建“1+N”制度集成创新、港内重点园区形成相互补充格局、金融服务市场开放以及进一步提升跨境投融资便利化自由化方面取得了阶段性成就,但同时也存在经济金融基础薄弱、缺乏有效的借鉴模式、离岸金融市场发展存在短板、自由贸易账户运行不畅以及境外热钱利用创新政策套利套汇等问题。因此,未来自贸港的金融开放需要在通过接口国家战略融入多个区域性经济圈以增加经济金融流量、充分挖掘《自贸港法》的法律优势和政策体系红利、形成多样化的金融体系生态、培育针对性的离岸金融市场、进一步挖掘多功能FT账户体系的适用范围和拓展功能以及构建有效的金融风险预警防范机制六个方面积极发力。

As for the construction of Hainan Free Trade Port, the strategic significance of financial opening up lies in its exploring institutional opening up firstly, assisting the liberalization and facilitation of trade, investment and financing, connecting with the international high-standard economic and trade rules, and broadening the financial connotations of“first-line control and second-line liberalization”. At present, the financial opening up in the free trade port has made phasal achievements in building“1 + n”institutional integration and innovation, forming a complementary pattern of key industrial zones in the port, opening up the financial service market and further improving the facilitation and liberalization of cross-border investment and financing. However,there still exist some problems, such as the weak economic and financial foundation, lack of effective reference model, weaknesses in the development of offshore financial market, poor operation of free trade account, and the arbitrage of overseas hot money via innovative policies at the same time. Therefore, the financial opening up in the free trade port is expected to integrate into multiple regional economic circles through the connection with the national strategy, so as to increase economic and financial flows. It is also suggested to exploit the legal advantages and policy dividends of Hainan Free Trade Port Law. Moreover, it is necessary to form the diversified ecology of financial system. Meantime, targeted offshore financial markets should be cultivated. A further aspect is to explore the application scope and expanding function of the multi-functional FT account system. Finally, it is a must to build an effective financial risk warning and prevention mechanism.