《生物安全法》的宪法逻辑

The Constitutional Logic of the Biosafety Law

《中华人民共和国生物安全法》于2021年4月15日正式施行,标志着国家安全法律体系的发展与完善,其有效实施正逢其时。在知识经济模式与风险社会背景下,生物安全风险凸显,制定并实施生物安全法不仅具有重要的实践价值,也值得从学理上进行深入研讨。通过对生物安全法主要内容的宪法学解读,可以感知制度设计中贯穿着的“人类与生态共同利益中心”的宪法理念;以广义生物安全内涵为制度的逻辑起点,注重对个体生命健康权的保障;将生物安全纳入国家安全体系之中,制定高位阶的生物安全法并实现体系化;强化预警机制和应急响应机制对生物风险的有效防控。在生物安全法的实施路径上,体现出从理念到制度再到机制的宪法逻辑。

The Biosafety Law of the People’s Republic of China was formally implemented on April 15, 2021, which marks the development and improvement of the national security legal system. It is timely for its effective implementation. Under the background of knowledge economy model and risk society, the risk of biosafety is prominent. It is not only of great practical value to formulate and implement the Biosafety Law, but also worth in-depth study from the theoretical perspective. Through the constitutional interpretation of the main content of the Biosafety Law, we can perceive the constitutional idea of “the center of common interests between human beings and ecology” throughout the system design. Taking the broad connotation of biosafety as the logical starting point of the system, it pays attention to the protection of the right to life and health of individuals;integrate biosafety into national security system, formulate the Biosafety Law of high level and realize systematization;strengthen the early warning mechanism and emergency response mechanism to biological risk effective prevention and control. The implementation path of Biosafety Law reflects the constitutional logic from concept to system and then to mechanism.