社会保障住房的公共义务和设计思考

The Public Obligation and Design Reflections of Social Subsidized Housing

近年来,中国社会保障住房建设迅速,但往往强调其内在的效率(建设效率、分配效率、使用效率),却未能对城市承担更多外在的义务,许多项目成了千篇一律的“缩小版商品住宅”,也成为城市空间的新负担。对此,本文提出保障性住房在享受多种公共权利的同时,也应承担4项公共义务:开放和共享的空间义务、个性和创新的艺术义务、低碳和智慧的技术义务、流转和参与的公平义务。通过对义务的分析和认识,促进对保障性住房设计的讨论,提出4条设计发展导向。

In recent years,social housing has been built at a rapid pace in China,but often with an emphasis on the efficiency of social housing(efficiency of construction,distribution and use),failing to take on more of the external obligations of the city.Many of the projects have become monotonous"scaled-down versions of commercial housing’and have become a new burden on urban space.In view of this,this paper proposes that social housing should enjoy various public rights while also assuming four public obligations:spatial obligation,artistic obligation,technical obligation and equality obligation.Through the analysis and understanding of these obligations,four design development guidelines are put forward.