人类呼吸道病毒核酸检测技术研究进展

Research Progress on the Technology for Detecting the Nucleic Acids in Human Respiratory Viruses

呼吸道病毒感染是威胁人类健康的主要疾病之一,大约80%的呼吸道感染是由病毒引起的。快速准确地检测与鉴定呼吸道病毒具有重要临床意义,是应对突发性传染疾病公共卫生事件,防控疫病的关键。随着分子生物学的不断发展,基于核酸的检测技术日新月异。本文综述了针对人类呼吸道病毒基于核酸的检测技术应用现状,并分析对比了各技术的优缺点。此外,本文还介绍了一些对呼吸道病毒检测有潜在应用价值的新兴技术。这些技术的发展和应用,不仅提高了甄别呼吸道病毒的效率,也为新的呼吸道病毒的发现提供了线索。

Respiratory virus infections threaten human health.About 80%of respiratory⁃tract infections are caused by viruses.Rapid and accurate identification of respiratory viruses is extremely important for dealing with public⁃health emergencies caused by epidemics of infectious diseases.With the continuous development of molecular biology,nucleic acid⁃based detection technology is progressing rapidly.We review the application of nucleic acid⁃based detection technology for human respiratory viruses and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each type of technology.In addition,we also introduce some emerging technologies that have potential application for respiratory⁃virus detection.The development and application of these technologies not only improves the efficiency of identifying respiratory viruses,but also provides clues for discovery of new respiratory viruses.