对外直接投资、逆向绿色技术创新与产业升级——有调节的中介效应

Outward Foreign Direct Investment,Reverse Green Technology Innovation and Industrial Upgrading Based on the Moderated Mediating Effect

基于2004—2019年省级面板数据,通过构建更为综合的产业结构升级系数,运用有调节的中介模型验证对外直接投资逆向绿色创新技术对产业升级的作用机制。发现对外直接投资具有逆向绿色技术创新效应,该效应能正向促进中国产业升级;从有调节的中介效应来看,国内研发投入增加有利于缩短与发达国家的技术差距,国内环境规制力度的增强也激励跨国企业对外实行绿色技术合作,两者均强化对外直接投资逆向绿色技术创新效应,相应地对产业结构升级的促进效应更大;对外直接投资逆向绿色技术创新主要促进非发明类型的策略性绿色创新,但是研发能力的增强与环境规制力度的提高能强化对外直接投资逆向实质性绿色创新。在进行内生性处理和替换核心解释变量后,结果依然显著。

Based on the provincial panel data from 2004 to 2019,this paper constructs a more comprehensive industrial structure upgrading indicator and empirically verifies the effect mechanism of OFDI's reverse green innovation technology on industrial upgrading by using a moderated intermediary model.The results show as follows:Firstly,OFDI has a reverse effect of green technology innovation,which can positively promote China's industrial upgrading;Secondly,from the aspects of moderated mediating effect,the increased domestic R&D input can narrow the technology gap with developed countries,and domestic environmental regulation's enhancement can also encourage foreign multinational enterprises to implement a cooperation model for green technology,both of which strengthen OFDI's reverse green innovation and have a greater promoting effect on the industrial upgrading;Thirdly,the OFDI's reverse green innovation mainly promotes the strategic green innovation of non-invention type,but the enhancement of R&D ability and environmental regulation can strengthen the reverse substantive green innovation of OFDI.The results remain significant after endogeneity test and substitution of core explanatory variables.