低碳经济下考虑满意度的冷链路径优化

Cold chain path optimization considering satisfaction under low carbon economy

为了在降低冷链物流配送成本的同时,保证顾客满意度和碳排放成本达到企业的要求。充分考虑客户软时间窗约束、行驶距离、生鲜变质等多重影响因素,构建考虑顾客满意度的低碳冷链物流路径优化模型,结合固定成本、碳排放成本、损坏成本、冷藏成本、运输成本以及时间窗成本,采用遗传算法进行求解,并应用实例加以验证。结果表明,相对于不考虑满意度的路径优化,以总成本为目标的冷链物流路径优化,能够平均减少23 km的运输距离和降低2.72%的配送总成本;同时结果也更优于以低碳为目标的求解。模型在提高顾客满意度的同时,实现了降低配送总成本以及减少物流活动中碳排放的目标。因此,研究为物流运输企业提高服务质量和经济效益提供了有效的技术路线,结果可为冷链物流行业的服务能力提升以及低碳转型发展提供启示,为物流行业的可持续发展研究提供理论参考。

In order to reduce the cost of cold chain logistics distribution and ensure customer satisfaction and carbon emission costs to meet the requirements of enterprises,taking full account of customer soft time window constraints,distance,fresh deterioration and other multiple influencing factors,a low-carbon cold chain logistics path optimization model considering customer ssatisfaction was constructed.Combined with fixed cost,carbon emission cost,damage cost,cold storage cost,transportation cost and time window cost,genetic algorithm was used to solve it,and practical examples were used to verify it.The experimental results show that compared with the route optimization without considering satisfaction,the cold chain logistics route optimization with the total cost as the goal can reduce the transportation distance by 23 km and the total distribution cost by 2.72%on average.At the same time,the result is better than the solution with low carbon as the goal.This model not only improves customer satisfaction,but also finally achieves the overall goal of reducing the total cost of distribution and carbon emissions in logistics activities.This study provides inspiration for the service-oriented and low-carbon transformation development of the cold chain logistics industry,plays a theoretical guiding role in the study of the sustainable development of the logistics industry,and provides an effective technical route for logistics and transportation enterprises to obtain a higher level of service quality and economic benefits.