海绵城市监测和效果评估中存在的问题与对策建议

DISCUSSION ON EXISTING PROBLEMS AND COUNTERMEASURES IN SPONGE CITY MONITORING AND EVALUATION

海绵城市监测与评估涉及科学、技术、工程、设备及管理等多个方面,现阶段监测评估工作面临一定的困惑和挑战。根据我国海绵城市建设效果监测评估实践,分析海绵城市监测评估中在监测目的、监测方案、评估分析方法、模型率定和验证等方面存在的误区及若干问题,并提出相应的对策建议。针对建设,片区、项目、设施等不同尺度,从效果评估、科学研究、模型率定、运行维护等方面对监测目的和内容进行分析。海绵城市建设效果评估的核心指标应包括年径流总量控制率、黑臭水体消除比例、内涝积水点消除比例、内涝防治标准达标情况、天然水域面积变化率等,鼓励采用“监测+模型”的评估方式。

The monitoring and evaluation of sponge city involves many aspects including science,technology,engineering,equipment,management etc.At present,the monitoring and evaluation work is facing with some confusion and challenges.Combined with the practice of monitoring and evaluation of sponge city effect in China,the misunderstandings and some problems existing in sponge city monitoring and evaluation in terms of monitoring purpose,monitoring scheme,evaluation and analysis method,model calibration and verification are analyzed.Corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.According to different scales of catchment,project and facilities,the monitoring purpose and content are analyzed from the aspects of effect evaluation,scientific research,model calibration,operation and maintenance,etc.It is suggested that the core indicators of sponge city effect evaluation should include capture ratio of annual rainfall runoff volume,elimination ratio of black and odorous water bodies,elimination ratio of waterlogging points,compliance with waterlogging prevention and control standards,and the change rate of natural water area,etc.The evaluation method of monitoring+modeling is encouraged.