复杂系统科学研究进展

Complex systems science: recent advances

在还原论思想方法的指导下,20世纪科学的发展取得了巨大成功,在宇宙的产生与演化、微观物质结构与基本相互作用等方面都获得了比较深刻的科学认识.进入21世纪,宏观世界复杂系统涌现性问题已成为各学科领域的重要学术挑战,系统科学将成为未来科学探索的重要领域.复杂系统科学发展的研究表明:纷繁多样的复杂现象背后,存在着普适且简单的规律;探索各类系统的结构、环境与功能的普适关系,以及演化与调控的一般规律,并在系统范式的基础上形成科学认识,是系统科学研究的重要任务.基础理论、生命系统、气候变化、社会经济、智能技术等领域的最新研究成果均能说明,超越还原论,在系统科学思想方法的指导下探索复杂性,不仅可加深对具体系统的科学认识,还能揭示各领域复杂现象背后的普适性规律.

With the methodology of reductionism,science and technology have achieved great success in the20th century. The origin and evolution of the universe,fundamental elements and their basic interactions have all obtained deep scientific understanding. Since the beginning of the 21st century, emergent properties of various complex systems in the macroscopic world pose an important academic challenge in almost all disciplines. The systems science has become an important field of scientific exploration. Development of complex systems science shows that there are universal and simple laws behind complex phenomena. Exploring universal relationship between structure,environment and function of various systems,investigating general laws of evolution and regulation,are important tasks in complex systems science. In this paper,the latest research results in basic theory,living systems,climate change,social economy,intelligent technology,are introduced. These results show that exploring complexity under the methodology of systems science not only deepens the scientific understanding of specific systems,but also helps to reveal universal laws behind complex phenomena in different fields.