丝绸之路的开拓、往来与牵牛织女传说在日本的传承——以九州宗像大社中津宫牵牛织女传说为中心

The Birth and Development of the Silk Road and the Inheritance of Tanabata Legend in Japan:A Case Study of Tanabata Legend in Nakatsu Miya of Kyushu Munakata Shrine

一则与遣唐使有关的牵牛织女传说在日本九州宗像大社中津宫流传,隐含着日本遣使到中国大陆求取纺织人才的历史。在古代东亚交流史背景下,伴随着丝绸之路的开拓与往来,纺织人才与技术以及与之相关的信仰、神话、传说、习俗等也随之传入日本。中国牵牛织女传说与七夕不断被融入日本的信仰与文化之中,共生共融形成牵牛织女传说共同的历史记忆、文化记忆与跨文化记忆。从这一传说在日本的传承可见,东亚各国在中华文化的基础上结合各自独特的文化,经历漫长的历史,培育出东亚共有的文化遗产与精神传统。

The Tanabata legend related to Royal envoys to the Tang Dynasty was popular in Nakatsu Miya of Kyushu Munakata Shrine,which implies that Japan dispatched envoys to China for weaving talents.With the birth and development of the Silk Road,weaving talents and skills,as well as the relevant beliefs,myths,legends and customs flooded into Japan.The Chinese story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Maid and the festival of Seventh Evening of the Seventh Month were integrated into Japanese beliefs and culture,which constituted the same historical,cultural and intercultural memory of the Tanabata legend.A study of the spreading and inheritance of the legend in Japan tells us that East Asian countries share cultural heritage and spiritual tradition on the basis of Chinese culture with combination of their own culture through a long history.