央地事权配置与公共风险防御——基于水利投资事务的考察

The Central-Local Government Power Division and Public Risk Defense——Evidence from China’s Water Conservancy Investment

在中国迈向强国之路、中华民族实现伟大复兴的关键时期,亟须构建有力防范应对公共风险挑战的治理机制。作为国家治理体系的基础,央地事权配置对风险治理具有重要意义。本文以水利投资事务为例,考察了央地事权配置结构对灾害防御的治理效应。研究发现,央地水利投资项目均能够抵御灾害冲击,但中央水利项目的作用强于地方水利项目,特别是在应对高强度灾害冲击上,中央水利项目具有显著优势。本文研究表明,对于提供灾害风险防御这种特殊公共品的水利投资而言,有必要适度扩大中央事权,过度放权不利于提升应对重大灾害风险的防御能力。本文首次从事权配置角度评估央地支出的影响效应,对促进政府间分权文献发展作出了边际贡献。

Currently,China is on the road to becoming a powerful country and realizing the great rejuvenation of Chinese nation,it is urgent to update the governance capacity to respond the public risk challenges.As the foundation of national governance system,the division of central-local powers is of great significance to risk governance.Taking water conservancy investment as a study case,this paper investigates the governance effect of central-local power division structure on disaster prevention.I find that both central and local water conservancy investment projects can resist the impact of disasters,but the role of central projects is stronger than the local ones,especially in dealing with high-intensity disaster shocks,central projects have significant advantages.According to the evidence,it is necessary to moderately expand the central water conservancy investment power to enhance the national ability to supply the special public good of disaster risk defense.This paper is the first study to evaluate the impact of central and local expenditure from the perspective of power division,it contributes the development of the literature on intergovernmental decentralization.