“一带一路”国际公共产品供给的实践与创新:以中欧班列为例

Practices and Innovations in International Public Goods Supply of ‘the Belt and Road’: The Example of China-Europe Railway Express

国际公共产品对解决跨国问题、应对共同挑战具有重要意义,其收益跨越境域和世代,但在市场失灵和超国家政府缺失条件下,也面临集体行动的困境。中欧班列作为共建“一带一路”倡议下影响力最强的国际合作平台之一,具有鲜明的国际公共产品属性,其快速发展也在各领域各层面取得了显著成效。有关中欧班列的国际公共产品供给实践表明,先导国率先积极投入资源有助于降低其他各方参与门槛,进而更加有效推动集体行动,最终实现各方受益的良性互动。同时,中欧班列也探索出了国际公共产品供给的创新之路:一是打破“霸权稳定论”逻辑,二是次国家行为体成为重要供给力量,三是中间层组织发挥关键作用。

International public goods are important for solving transnational problems and addressing common challenges, and their benefits transcend borders and generations, but under the conditions of market failure and the absence of supranational governments, they also face the dilemma of collective action. As one of the most influential international cooperation platforms under ‘the Belt and Road’ initiative, the China-Europe Railway Express has distinctive attributes of international public goods, and its rapid development has achieved remarkable results in various fields and levels. The practice of supplying international public goods through the China-Europe Railway Express shows that the pioneer countries take the lead in actively investing resources to help lower the threshold for other parties to participate, thus promoting collective action more effectively and ultimately achieving a positive interaction that benefits all parties. At the same time, China-Europe Railway Express has also explored innovative ways of international public goods supply: first, breaking the logic of ‘hegemonic stability theory’;second, sub-national actors becoming an important supply force;and third, intermediate organizations playing a key role.