加拿大开展兽医体系效能评估的做法及启示

Practices of Performance Evaluation of Canadian Veterinary Services and Relevant Enlightenments

在“同一健康”倡议下,世界动物卫生组织(WOAH)构建了兽医体系效能(PVS)评估标准框架,通过在全球范围内大力推广PVS评估工作,持续加强各成员兽医机构能力建设,实现全球动物卫生、动物福利及公共卫生状况的整体改善。加拿大是WOAH成员中为数不多的,较早申请完成PVS专家评估并公开发表评估报告的发达国家之一,以卓越的表现充分展示了其世界领先水平的兽医服务能力。加拿大开展PVS评估的经验做法包括:运用WOAH PVS评估标准理念开展内部评估,通过查找、分析与既定目标或国际标准的差距,实现重点职能领域核心能力的定向提升;通过主动申请WOAH专家评估,紧密结合全球发展战略和自身需求,确定优先改进和发展事项。这些做法启示我国:应聚焦核心能力建设,构建科学适用的内部效能评估体系;加强交流协作,建立国家层面的跨部门效能评估协调机制;推动联合共治,在重要口岸城市开展联合效能评估试点工作。本文为我国引进、推广PVS评估系统方法,以效能评估为抓手,分步、有序促进国门生物安全核心能力建设,提升体制机制效能提供了借鉴。

Under the"One Health"initiative,a standard framework for evaluation of performance of veterinary services(PVS)was developed by World Organization for Animal Health(WOAH),aiming to improve the levels of global animal health,animal welfare and public health through vigorously promoting PVS evaluation over the world and continuously strengthening the capacity building of members'veterinary services.Canada,as a member of WOAH,was one of the few developed countries that applied to complete the PVS evaluation and published its report earlier,demonstrating its world-leading capacity of veterinary services with outstanding performance.Its experiences and practices in conducting PVS evaluation were summarized as follows:conducting an internal evaluation with the concept and standard of WOAH PVS evaluation,improving the core competence in key functional areas through finding and analyzing the gap with established goals or international standards;and determining priorities and development issues through actively applying for WOAH expert evaluation in combination with global development strategies and their own needs. Based on all of which,for China,it was recommended to focus on the construction of core competence to build a scientific and applicable internal performance evaluation system;strengthen communications and collaboration to establish a coordination mechanism for cross-departmental performance evaluation at national level;and promote joint governance to carry out a pilot of joint performance evaluation in major port cities. A reference was thus provided to China to introduce and popularize PVS evaluation,promote the building of core competence for national biosafety by taking the performance evaluation as an effective means step by step and in order,and improve the performance of relevant systems and mechanisms.