传染病病房护理人员的心理及健康教育状况评估分析

Evaluation and analysis of psychological and health education status of nurses in infectious diseases ward

目的探讨传染病病房护理人员的心理及健康教育状况,为采取针对性措施提供依据。方法选取2021年1月至5月于浙江省杭州市西溪医院工作的86名感染科护理人员为研究对象。采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)及精神症状自评量表(SCL-90)评估护理人员的心理状况,将其评估结果与基线一致的国内常模作比较;并采用知识-态度-信念-行为(KABP)自编调查问卷评估护理人员的健康教育状况。结果传染病病房护理人员的SDS、SAS评分均高于国内常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理人员的SCL-90各因子得分均高于国内常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);知识:护理人员对传染病相关知识的答对率为88.37%;态度、信念:98.84%的护理人员希望掌握更多的传染病相关知识,97.67%的护理人员认为有必要对所有医务人员进行传染病健康教育且有义务对患者进行传染病健康宣教,77.91%的护理人员表示掌握传染病的传播途径及预防措施可减少护理时的恐惧感;行为:95.35%的护理人员为传染病患者注射、采血时戴手套,93.02%的护理人员在操作前后会用肥皂洗手,96.51%的护理人员能用消毒剂对溅有传染病患者血液的桌面进行消毒后再擦净。结论传染病病房护理人员的心理状况欠佳,院方及社会各界应给予传染病病房护理人员心理辅导、心理关怀及社会支持,并进一步加强针对性健康教育,以增强防护意识。

Objective To explore the psychological and health education status of nursing staff in infectious disease ward of Hangzhou Xixi Hospital,and to provide basis for taking targeted measures.Methods A total of 86 nurses working in the Department of Infectious Diseases,Hangzhou Xixi Hospital,from January 2021 to May 2021 were selected as the study subjects.The self-rating depression scale(SDS),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating psychiatric symptom scale(SCL-90)were used to evaluate the psychological status of nursing staff,and the evaluation results were compared with the domestic norm consistent with baseline;and the knowledge-attitude-belief-behavior(KABP)questionnaire was used to evaluate the health education status of nursing staff.Results The SDS and SAS scores of nurses in infectious disease wards were higher than the domestic norm,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);the SCL-90 scores of nurses in infectious disease wards were higher than the domestic norm,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);knowledge:the correct answer rate of nurses was 88.37%;attitudes and beliefs:98.84%of nurses hoped to master more knowledge about infectious diseases,97.67%of nurses thought it was necessary to carry out health education on infectious diseases for all medical staff and were obliged to carry out health education on infectious diseases for patients,77.91%of nurses that knowing the transmission route and preventive measures of infectious diseases could reduce the fear of nursing;behavior:95.35%of nurses wear gloves when injecting and collecting blood for infectious disease patients,93.02%of nurses wash hands with soap before and after operation,96.51%of nurses can use disinfectant to disinfect the table with blood of infectious disease patients and then clean it.Conclusion The psychological condition of nurses in infectious disease ward is not good,the hospital and all walks of life should give infectious disease ward nurses psychological counseling, psychological care, and social support, and further strengthen the targeted health education, so as to enhance the awareness of protection.