全身麻醉对小儿发育大脑损伤机制及其相关脑保护措施的研究进展

Research progress on the mechanism of general anesthesia on developing brain injury in children and related brain protection measures

婴幼儿时期接受多次或长时程全身麻醉可能影响小儿大脑发育,从而影响其成年后的学习记忆功能,但其机制尚无统一定论。目前包括树突棘重塑、非微管结合Tau蛋白、载脂蛋白E毒性片段及相关启动因子DNA甲基化等。本文对全身麻醉对小儿发育大脑影响的相关证据及近年来较为热门的发生机制和脑保护措施进行整理,以期为全身麻醉诱导发育大脑相关损伤机制的研究及临床治疗提供新的思路。

Receiving multiple or long-term general anesthesia in infants and young children may affect the brain development of children, thereby affecting their learning and memory functions in adulthood, but the mechanism has not been unified. At present, it includes dendritic spine remodeling, non-microtubule-binding Tau protein, apolipoprotein E toxic fragment, and related promoter DNA methylation. In this paper, the relevant evidence of the effect of general anesthesia on the developing brain of children and the more popular mechanisms and brain protection measures in recent years are sorted out, in order to provide new ideas for the research and clinical treatment of the mechanism of general anesthesia-induced developmental brain-related injury.