咽腔电刺激在脑卒中后吞咽困难患者康复中的应用进展

Application progress of pharyngeal electrical stimulation in rehabilitation of patients with dysphagia after stroke

脑卒中后吞咽困难严重影响患者的预后和生活质量,给患者、家庭及社会造成沉重负担,临床上亟须更有效的康复方法。近年来,咽腔电刺激作为一种治疗神经性吞咽困难的新技术,对脑卒中后吞咽困难患者的康复显示出较好的效果,可改善吞咽功能、减少误吸和促进气管切开套管早期拔除,且具有良好的耐受性和安全性。本文从咽腔电刺激的作用机制、治疗参数、应用效果及耐受性、有效性与安全性等方面进行综述,以期为脑卒中后吞咽困难患者的临床康复干预提供新方法。

Dysphagia after stroke seriously affects the prognosis and quality of life of patients, and poses a heavy burden on patients, families, and society. More effective rehabilitation methods are urgently needed in clinic. In recent years, as a new technique for the treatment of neurological dysphagia, pharyngeal electrical stimulation has shown good curative effect on the rehabilitation of patients with dysphagia after stroke, which can improve swallowing function, reduce aspiration, and promote the early removal of tracheotomy cannula, and has good tolerance and safety. In this paper, the mechanism, treatment parameters, application effect, and tolerance, effectiveness and safety of pharyngeal electrical stimulation are expounded in order to provide a new method for clinical rehabilitation intervention of patients with dysphagia after stroke.