银屑病患者自我表露与社会疏离感和心理社会适应的相关性及其影响因素分析

Correlation between self-disclosure and social alienation,psychosocial adjustment in patients with psoriasis and its influencing factors analysis

目的分析银屑病患者自我表露与社会疏离感和心理社会适应的相关性及其影响因素。方法收集2019年1月至2021年8月于新疆医科大学附属中医医院皮肤科就诊的316例银屑病患者作为研究对象,采用痛苦表露指数量表(DDI)、一般疏离感量表(GAS)和疾病心理社会适应自评量表(PAIS-SR)评估自我表露、社会疏离感和心理社会适应水平。采用Pearson相关性分析DDI总分与GAS总分、PAIS-SR总分相关性,并分析影响银屑病患者自我表露水平的影响因素。结果本调查共发放问卷336份,收回有效问卷316份,有效回收率为94.05%。银屑病患者DDI总分为(28.58±7.96)分,GAS总分和PAIS-SR总分分别为(34.23±9.64)分和(31.90±9.55)分。不同年龄、婚姻状态、复发型银屑病、合并焦虑和社会支持水平的患者DDI总分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示,DDI总分与GAS、PAIS-SR总分呈负相关(r=-0.437、-0.505,P<0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示,年龄、婚姻状态、复发型银屑病、合并焦虑和社会支持水平均是银屑病患者自我表露水平的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论银屑病患者自我表露处于低水平,患者自我表露水平越低,社会疏离感水平越高,心理社会适应水平越差。年龄、婚姻状态、复发型银屑病、合并焦虑和社会支持水平是银屑病患者自我表露水平的影响因素,应进行针对性干预,提高其自我表露水平。

Objective To analyze the correlation of self-disclosure and social alienation,psychosocial adjustment in patients with psoriasis and influencing factors.Methods A total of 316 patients with psoriasis who visited the Department of Dermatology,Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January2019 to August 2021 were collected as research subjects.The levels of self-disclosure,social alienation,and psychosocial adaptation were assessed using the distress disclosure index(DDI),general alienation scale(GAS),and self-report psychosocial adjustment to illness scale(PAIS-SR).Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between DDI total score and GAS total score and PAIS-SR total score,and the influencing factors of the level of self-disclosure in patients with psoriasis were analyzed.Results A total of 336 questionnaires were distributed in this survey,and 316valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 94.05%.The total score of DDI in patients with psoriasis was(28.58±7.96)points,the total scores of GAS and PAIS-SR were(34.23±9.64)points and(31.90±9.55)points,respectively.There were significant differences in the total DDI scores of patients with different age,marital status,recurrent psoriasis,combined anxiety,and social support level(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total score of DDI was negatively correlated with the total scores of GAS and PAIS-SR(r=-0.437,-0.505,P<0.01).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,marital status,recurrent psoriasis,combined anxiety,and social support were the influencing factors of self-disclosure level in patients with psoriasis(P<0.05).Conclusion The self-disclosure in patients with psoriasis is at a low level,and the lower the level of self-disclosure,the higher the level of social alienation,and the worse the level of psychosocial adaptation.Age,marital status,recurrent psoriasis,combined anxiety,and social support are the influencing factors of self-disclosure level in patients with psoriasis,and targeted intervention should be carried out to improve their self-disclosure level.