心电定位下经外周静脉穿刺中心静脉置管术在早产儿病房的应用效果

Application effect of peripherally inserted central catheter catheterization under electrocardiogram positioning in premature infant wards

目的探讨心电定位下经外周静脉穿刺中心静脉(PICC)置管术在早产儿病房的应用效果。方法选取2020年5月至2022年1月鹰潭市人民医院新生儿科收治的60例早产儿作为研究对象,通过随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组,各30例。对照组采用静脉留置针置管,观察组采用心电定位下PICC置管。比较两组患儿的置管成功率、置管及住院时长、体质量增长幅度以及并发症发生情况。结果观察组的一次穿刺成功率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患儿的二次穿刺成功率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组的单次置管保留时间长于对照组,且总置管时间及总住院时长均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患儿的体质量增长幅度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组置管后的并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论相较于传统静脉置管,心电定位下PICC置管术可有效提升置管成功率,保证患儿静脉营养供应,加快其康复进程,且单次置管可保留较长时间,减少多次置管对患儿机体造成的损伤,同时可有效降低相关并发症发生风险。

Objective To explore the application effect of peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC)catheterization under electrocardiogram positioning in premature infant wards.Methods A total of 60 premature infants admitted to Department of Neonatology of Yingtan People′s Hospital were enrolled as research objects from May 2020 to January 2022,according to random number table method,they were divided into the observation group(30 cases)and the control group(30 cases).The control group was given intravenous indwelling needles catheterization,while observation group was given PICC catheterization under electrocardiogram positioning.The success rate of catheterization,catheterization time,hospitalization time,increment of body weight and the occurrence of complications in the two groups were compared.Results The success rate of one-time puncture in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the success rate of the twice puncture between the two groups(P>0.05).The retention time of once catheterization in the observation group was longer than that in the control group,the total catheterization time and the total hospitalization time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The increment of body weight in the observation group was greater than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of complications after catheterization in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with traditional intravenous catheterization,PICC catheterization under electrocardiogram positioning can effectively increase the success rate of catheterization,ensure intravenous nutrition supply and accelerate rehabilitation process.One-time catheterization can be retained for a long time,which can reduce the damage induced by multiple catheterization and effectively reduce the risk of related complications.