湿地面积时空变化特征及其生态效应

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Wetland Extent and Its Ecological Effects

内陆湿地在全球水文循环、生物地球化学循环和生物多样性保护等方面发挥着重要作用。然而,由于气候变化和人类活动的影响,近几十年全球范围的内陆湿地发生了明显退化。探究历史和未来湿地面积时空变化特征及其生态效应,对未来的气候变化政策制定和生物多样性保护具有重要意义。本文分析了湿地面积时空变化特征及其生态效应的研究现状和面临的挑战,探讨了未来的发展趋势和关键科学问题。在此基础上,本文建议未来应重点关注湿地时空变化特征与驱动机制、湿地水文过程与生物地球化学循环机制、湿地与气候变化、湿地生物多样性保护和湿地生态系统修复等研究方向,相关建议可为未来湿地面积时空变化特征及其生态效应的研究提供参考。

Inland wetlands play a critical role in global hydrological cycle, biogeochemical cycle, and biodiversity conservation and so on. However, due to climate change and intense human activities, inland wetlands have been lost significantly worldwide. Investigating historical and future spatiotemporal dynamics of wetland extent and the associated effects on ecological functions, climate change and biodiversity conservation, is of great significance for the decision-making of policies related to climate change and biodiversity conservation in the future. This paper reviews the current status and challenges, and discusses the key scientific topics and gaps in the study of the wetland dynamics and its ecological consequences. The suggestions from this paper that more attention should be paid to the studies on spatiotemporal dynamics of wetland extent and its drivers, wetlands hydrological cycle and biogeochemical cycles, wetlands and climate change, wetland biodiversity concervation, and wetland ecosystem restoration in the future can provide guidance to basic researches in relevant fields.