黄芪叶和花挥发性化学成分比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Volatile Chemical Constituents in Leaves and Flowers of Astragalus Membranaceus

采用同时蒸馏-萃取法提取黄芪叶和花的挥发油,通过气相色谱-质谱法分离成分并鉴定其结构.结果表明:在黄芪叶挥发油中鉴定出56种化合物,占挥发油质量分数的92.42%,其中,醇类13种占16.83%,醛类11种占25.16%,酸类6种占17.51%,酯类6种占16.18%,酮类5种占8.9%,酚类1种占0.85%,烃类13种占6.28%,呋喃类1种占0.71%;在黄芪花挥发油中鉴定出40种化合物,占挥发油质量分数的95.57%,其中,醇类8种占26.74%,醛类1种占0.97%,酸类4种占31.70%,酯类2种占4.18%,酮类3种占2.27%,烃类21种占29.59%,呋喃类1种占0.12%.对黄芪叶和花挥发性化学成分进行分析,为黄芪的开发利用提供实验依据.

The volatile oil from the leaves and flowers of Astragalus membranaceus was extracted by simultaneous distillation-extraction, the components were separated and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.The results showed that 56 compounds were identified from the volatile oil of Astragalus membranaceus leaves, accounting for 92.42% mass fraction of the volatile oil.Among them, 13 kinds of alcohols accounting for 16.83%,11 kinds of aldehydes accounting for 25.16%,6 kinds of acids accounting for 17.51%,6 kinds of esters accounting for 16.18%,5 kinds of ketones accounting for 8.90%,1 kind of phenol accounting for 0.85%,13 kinds of hydrocarbons accounting for 6.28%,1 kinds of furan accounting for 0.71%.Forty compounds were identified from the volatile oil of Astragalus flowers, accounting for 95.57% of mass fraction of the volatile oil.Among them, 8 kinds of alcohols accounting for 26.74%,1 kinds of aldehyde accounting for 0.97%,4 kinds of acids accounting for 31.70%,2 kind of esters accounting for 4.18%,3 kinds of ketones accounting for 2.27% and 21 kinds of hydrocarbons accounting for 29.59%,1 kind of furan accounting for 0.12%.The volatile chemical constituents of leaves and flowers of Astragalus membranaceus were analyzed to provide experimental basis for the development and utilization of Astragalus membranaceus.