信息对称、单元有效与公共危机治理——基于“主体理性”的分析框架

Information Symmetry,Unit Effectiveness and Public Crisis Governance——Based on the Analysis Framework of"Subject Rationality"

相对于技术理性而言,在突出以人为本的新时代背景下,主体理性在现代公共危机治理中发挥着至关重要的作用。以主体理性为分析框架,通过对新冠肺炎疫情防控考察发现,信息与单元是现代公共危机治理的关键变量。其中,信息传递的及时性与透明度直接关系公众在面对公共危机事件时的行为选择,治理单元的设置则影响政府处置公共危机事件的成效。一般而言,信息愈对称且单元愈适度,则公共危机治理愈有成效;反之,信息不对称且单元未确定或单元设置不合理,则公共危机治理易陷入低效或无效的状态。基于此,研究建议,在现代公共危机事件处置过程中,可以从公众与政府的主体理性出发,注重信息的对称性与单元的有效性,为公共危机治理的有效实现做好基础性工作。

Compared with technical rationality,subjective rationality plays a vital role in modern public crisis governance in the context of a new era of emphasizing people-centered philosophy.Taking subjective rationality as the analysis framework and investigating the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic,it is found that information and unit are the key variables of modern public crisis management.The timeliness and transparency of information transmission would determine the public behaviors responding to the public crisis events,and the setting of governance units would affect the effectiveness of government in dealing with public crisis events.Generally speaking,the more symmetrical the information and the more appropriate the units,the more effective the public crisis governance will be;on the contrary,if the information is asymmetric and the units are not determined or the unit settings are unreasonable,the public crisis governance is likely to fall into a state of inefficiency or ineffectiveness.Based on this,the research suggests that dealing with modern public crisis events should start from emphasizing the subjective rationality of the public and the government,pay close attention to the information symmetry and unit effectiveness and supply the basement for effectively governing the public crisis.