现实关切与政策导向:俄罗斯的国家安全研究

Practical Concerns and Policy Orientations:National Security Studies in Russia

基于历史传统和现实需要,俄罗斯形成了独具风格的国家安全研究。俄罗斯虽尚无“国家安全学”学科,但有扎实的国家安全研究。俄罗斯的国家安全研究一方面借鉴并批判西方的安全理论,另一方面努力形成本国的理论学派。俄罗斯的国家安全研究关注的议题从国家安全的概念体系、安全观和安全文化、国家安全保障体系等基本问题,到关乎俄罗斯国家利益的前沿问题,并凭借长期的研究,创造出了专著、期刊、学位论文、教科书等丰富的知识载体。俄罗斯的国家安全研究借鉴了经济学、政治学、法学、国际关系理论等许多其他学科的方法,安全作为方法也深刻渗入到其他学科的研究当中。俄罗斯国家安全研究队伍庞大,无论是高校和科学院,还是政府组织和非政府组织,所进行的国家安全研究都具有强烈的政策导向和现实关切。

Russia has formed its own national security research based on its historical tradition and practical needs.Although“national security”does not exist as a discipline there Russia’s national security research is rich and solid.Its research topics range from fundamental issues such as the conceptual system of national security,security concept,security culture,and the national security system,to issues related to Russia’s national interests.On the one hand,Russia’s national security research draws on and criticizes Western security theories;on the other hand,it also tries to form its own theoretical school.Thanks to their long research tradition in this area,Russian scholars and researchers have produced numerous monographs,journals,dissertations,and textbooks in this field.While Russia’s national security research draws on the methods of many other disciplines such as economics,political science,law,and international relations theory,security as a method also penetrates the research of other disciplines.Russia’s national security researchers are many and diverse-some are based in universities and academies and some are in governmental and non-governmental organizations.Overall,national security research in Russa is stimulated by practical concerns and has important policy orientations.