某高校医学生亚健康状态与体育运动及睡眠状况的相关研究

Correlation among sub-health status, physical exercises and sleep status of medical students in a university

目的 了解高校医学生的亚健康现状以及体育运动状况与睡眠状况,剖析体育运动与睡眠状况对亚健康状态的影响。方法 采用青少年亚健康多维评定问卷(MSQA)、体育活动等级量表(PARS-3)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)及自制一般情况调查表,对济宁市某医学高校在校的775名医学类专业学生进行调查。结果 775名在校医学生中,躯体、心理和身心亚健康检出率分别是13.5%、12.0%、11.0%,其中,女生心理亚健康检出率为13.8%,高于男生的9.1%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.859,P=0.049)。运动强度、每次运动时间、运动频次平均得分分别为(2.21±1.26)、(1.83±1.10)、(2.77±1.17),运动量平均分为(12.86±11.47),匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,PSQI)平均分为(5.62±2.15)。多因素logistic回归分析提示:合理的运动时间和运动频率是躯体亚健康的保护因素(P<0.05),而入睡时间长、睡眠障碍、催眠药物、日间功能障碍均是躯体、心理、身心亚健康的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 高校医学生亚健康现状堪忧,睡眠质量状况一般,体育运动量偏低。低睡眠质量、低运动量可导致亚健康状态的发生风险提高。

ObjectiveTo understand the sub-health status, physical exercises and sleep status of medical students in colleges and universities, and analyze the impact of physical exercises and sleep status on sub-health status.MethodsA total of 775 medical students in a medical university in Jining City were investigated by using Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescent (MSQA), physical activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and self-made general situation questionnaire.ResultsAmong 775 medical students, the detection rates of physical, psychologi-cal, physical and psychological sub-health were 13.5 %, 12.0 % and 11.0 %, respectively. Among them, the detection rate of psychological sub-health of the female (13.8%) was higher than that of the male (9.1%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ^(2)= 3.859, P = 0.049). The average scores of exercise intensity, each exercise time and exercise frequency were(2.21 ± 1.26), (1.83 ± 1.10), and (2.77 ± 1.17), respectively. The average score of amount of exercises was (12.86 ± 11.47),and the average score of PSQI was (5.62 ± 2.15). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that proper exercise time and frequency were protective factors for physical sub-health (P < 0.001), while taking longer to fall asleep, sleep dis-orders, hypnotic drugs and daytime dysfunction were risk factors for physical, psychological and physical and psychological sub-health (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe sub-health status of medical students in colleges and universities is worrying, the sleep quality is general, but the amount of physical exercises is low. Low sleep quality and low amount of exercises can in-crease the risk of sub-health.