“社会军事化”组织与红二十九军的建立及影响

"Social Militarization" Organization and the Establishment and Influence of the 29th Army of the Red Army

红二十九军的源起与组建是中共陕南特委与陈浅伦等人依托陕南“社会军事化”组织进行的探索与“试错”过程。辛亥革命后的陕南地区非正常的政治与自然生态,导致陕南农村经济崩溃与农民穷困,以及神团、土匪等“社会军事化”组织崛起。中共陕南特委与陈浅伦等人在中共中央和陕西省委建军理念引导下,将动员神团、土匪等武装力量作为创建红二十九军的主要策略,之后在红四方面军援助下逐渐建立起川陕边区游击队与红二十九军。这支军队成分复杂,无法满足中共对正规红军的要求,因此陕西省委与陕南特委期冀通过整编、改造方式,逐渐转变部队成分,加强党在红军中的权威,实现“以党领军”。

The origin and formation of the 29 th Army of the Red Army was a process of exploration and"trial and error"carried out by the Southern Shaanxi Special Committee of CPC and Chen Qianlun relying on the"social militarization"organization in southern Shaanxi.After the Revolution of 1911,the abnormal political and natural ecology in southern Shaanxi led to the collapse of rural economy and the poverty of farmers,and the rise of"social militarization"organizations such as"shentuan"and"bandits".Under the guidance of the military construction concept of the Central Committee of the CPC and Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee,the Southern Shaanxi Special Committee of the CPC and Chen Qianlun took the mobilization of armed forces such as"shentuan"and"bandits"as the main strategy to create the 29 th Army of the Red Army.Later,with the assistance of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army,they gradually established the Sichuan Shaanxi border guerrillas and the 29 th Army of the Red Army.The composition of this army was complex and can’t meet the requirements of the CPC for the regular Red Army.Therefore,the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee and the Southern Shaanxi Special Committee hope to gradually change the composition of the army through reorganization and transformation,strengthen the party’s authority in the Red Army and realized"leading the army with the party".