中国居民消费支出区域差异的演变特征——基于Dagum基尼系数分解和Kernel核密度估计的实证研究

An analysis on regional differences of China’s consumptionexpenditure and countermeasures: Based on the Dagum Ginicoefficient decomposition and Kernel density estimations

基于国家统计局公布的2013—2019年城乡一体化住户收支与生活状况调查数据,采用Dagum基尼系数和Kernel核密度估计对我国居民人均消费支出的区域差异及分布动态演进进行实证研究。结果表明:人均消费支出的整体差距在不断缩小,区域间发展不平衡带来的差异仍是其主要来源,贡献率均超过50%;城乡居民消费支出的差异也是导致整体居民消费支出不均衡的重要来源。考察期内,各地人均消费支出不断提高,但不同区域的消费支出分布呈现明显的差异性,西北地区平均消费支出在六大区域中最低,且呈现双峰形态,这表明该区域内消费支出两极分化的特征最为明显。应根据各区域的实际情况,制定具有针对性的促进消费政策,提升消费支出较低区域的消费能力,发挥消费支出较高区域的辐射作用,缩小区域间消费差距,促进国内大循环的畅通发展。

Based on the survey data of household income and expenditure and living conditions of urban-rural integration conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics from 2013 to 2019,this paper uses Dagum Gini coefficient and Kernel density estimation to conduct an empirical study on the regional gap and distribution dynamic evolution of China’s per capita consumption expenditure level.The results show that the overall gap of per capita consumption expenditure is narrowing,and the difference caused by the imbalance of regional development is still the main source,with the contribution rate of more than 50%;the difference between urban and rural consumption level is also an important source of the imbalance of overall consumption level.During the study period,the per capita consumption level in different regions has been increasing,but there are obvious differences in the distribution of consumption expenditure level in different regions.The average consumption level of northwest China is the lowest among the six major regions,and presents a bimodal pattern,which indicates that the consumption expenditure in the region is most significantly polarized.We should formulate targeted consumption promotion policies according to the actual situation of each region,enhance the consumption capacity of low consumption level regions,give play to the radiation role of high consumption level regions,narrow the consumption gap between regions,and promote the smooth development of the domestic circulation.