床垫舒适性研究现状及其发展趋势

Research Status and Development Trend of Mattress Comfort

以传统床垫为研究对象,对传统床垫的舒适性影响因素和评价依据进行归纳和总结。结合床垫对人床界面压力分布、脊柱形态的影响,以及床垫材料自身力学性能对床垫综合刚度的影响,为床垫的创新性设计提供思路和建议。结果表明:人床界面压力分布和脊柱形态是床垫舒适性的主要评价依据,传统床垫采用多种材料组合搭配和分区设计实现私人定制,可满足不同人体个性化需要。“出厂即定性”,不具有灵活性和通用性是传统床垫的主要弊端。未来床垫的创新设计通过采用可变刚度的支撑材料或结构,以界面压力分布和脊柱形态为依据实现床垫刚度智能调控,满足不同使用者的需求多样性是床垫创新设计的发展方向。

Taking the traditional mattress as the research object,the influencing factors and assessment standard of the comfort of the traditional mattress were summarized.Combined with the influence of the mattress on the pressure distribution of the human bed interface,the shape of the spine and the mechanical properties of the mattress material on the stiffness of the mattress,the ideas and suggestions for the innovative design of the mattress were provided.The results show that the pressure distribution of the human bed interface and the shape of the spine are the main evaluation bases for the comfort of the mattress.The traditional mattress is customized by the combination of a variety of materials and the zoned design to meet the personalized needs of different human bodies.The main disadvantages of traditional mattresses are“performance fixed at the factory”and the lack of flexibility and universality.In the future,the innovative design of mattress will adopt support materials or structures with variable stiffness to realize intelligent control of mattress stiffness based on interface pressure distribution and spine shape.Satisfying the diverse needs of different users will be the development direction of innovative design of mattress.