基于岩相古地理的黄淮平原原生劣质水发育特征分析

ANALYSIS ON DEVELOPMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PRIMARY INFERIOR WATER IN THE YELLOW-HUAI PLAIN BASED ON LITHOFACIES PALAEOGEOGRAPHY

黄淮平原水资源严重短缺,原生劣质水非常发育,水资源供需矛盾十分突出,属于我国典型的资源型缺水和水质型缺水区。文章基于对黄淮平原第四纪各个时期岩相古地理演变的详细刻画,分析了原生劣质水的空间发育特征,旨在研究其与沉积相的相关性。结果表明:原生劣质水基本分布在河间带相、河间洼地相、扇间洼地、浅湖相和沼泽洼地相等古地形闭塞、排水不畅、水平径流滞缓的沉积相中,尤其是溶解性总固体含量(TDS)>3000 mg/L的咸水、氟化物>2.0 mg/L的高氟水、铁含量11.98 mg/L的高铁水和锰含量6.43 mg/L的高锰水均分布在上述沉积相范围内,据此充分论证岩相古地理演化对水文地质结构场、水化学场和原生劣质水发育特征的决定性影响。通过分析原生劣质水的成因环境,为进一步详细刻画原生劣质水的平面和垂向发育特征提供依据,并在黄河冲积扇及河道带相、冲积-洪积扇相等主流相内,结合地球物理勘探方法进行洁净地下水勘查,初步形成“岩相古地理分析—主流相圈定靶区—物探确定层位—成井供水”的勘查供水模式,为缺水区安全供水提供新的思路和方法。

The contradiction between water supply and demand in the Yellow-Huai Plain,where is undergoing serious shortage of water resources and develops primary inferior water,is very prominent. It creates a typical water shortage of resources and pollution-induced water shortage area in our country. This paper analyzed the spatial developmental characteristics of the primary inferior water to study its correlation with sedimentary facies,based on a detailed analysis of lithofacies palaeogeography evolution in the Quaternary period of the Yellow-Huai Plain. We found that the primary inferior water,especially salt water with TDS greater than 3000 mg / L,high fluoride water with fluoride > 2. 0 mg / L,high iron water with iron content > 11. 98 mg / L and high manganese water containing6. 43 mg / L manganese,is basically distributed in the area of interchannel belt facies,inter-river depression facies,inter-fan depression facies,shallow lake and the marshland facies where where has blocked paleotopography,poor drainage and slow horizontal runoff. The results fully demonstrated the decisive influence of lithofacies paleogeographic evolution on the structural field,water flow field and water chemical field in hydrogeological conditions. We analyzed the genetic environment of primary inferior water and provided the basis for a further detailed description of the plane and vertical development characteristics of primary inferior water. We conduct clean groundwater survey in the area of alluvial fan facies of the Yellow River and fluvial facies,alluvial-diluvial fan facies,with geophysical method. A preliminary exploration water supply mode of ‘lithofacies palaeogeography analysis,target delineation in the area of mainstream facies-determination of aquifer location by geophysical method,and complete well drilling and water supply’has been formed,which provides new ideas and methods for safe water supply in water shortage areas.