骨组织工程学中复合支架及其应用研究进展

Research Progress of Composite Scaffolds and Their Applications in Bone Tissue Engineering

骨组织具有独特的再生和修复能力,但由于骨创伤、骨缺损患者局部或全身因素的影响,骨愈合无法达到满意的效果,临床仍存在较大概率的延迟愈合或不愈合。目前各种新型材料支架已广泛应用于骨缺损的修复,但单一生物材料支架已不能满足骨修复的需要。复合支架具有可结合不同性质材料或负载骨修复过程中相关生物活性因子的特点,可提高合成材料的综合性能,在促进血管再生和成骨方面作用显著。因此,未来的研究应集中于复合支架的材料设计和制造方法,并将细胞或生物活性蛋白掺入支架中,以模仿天然界面组织特性,使支架更好地适应生物机体环境。

Although bone tissue has unique regeneration and repair ability,due to the influence of local or systemic factors of the bone trauma and bone defect patients,bone healing cannot achieve satisfactory results,and there is still a large probability of delayed healing or non-healing in clinical.At present,various new scaffolds have been widely used in the repair of bone defects,but the single biomaterial scaffolds cannot meet the needs of bone repair.Composite scaffolds can combine materials of different properties or load related bioactive factors in bone repair process,which can improve the comprehensive performance of the synthesized materials,and play a significant role in promoting angiogenesis and osteogenesis.Therefore,in bone tissue engineering,the studies should focus more on the material design and manufacturing methods of composite scaffolds,and integrate cells or bioactive proteins into scaffolds to imitate the characteristics of natural interface tissues and make the scaffolds more adaptable to the biological environment.