舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂对单一与多重过敏变应性鼻炎患者的疗效分析

Efficacy of Sublingual Administration of Dermatophagoides Farinea Drops on Single and Multiple Allergic Rhinitis

目的分析舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂治疗对单一与多重过敏变应性鼻炎(AR)患者的疗效。方法选取2016年2月至2019年6月在重庆医科大学附属永川医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科就诊的接受舌下特异性免疫治疗(舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂)的301例AR患者,按治疗前皮内试验级别和过敏原数量分为单一轻度阳性组(37例)、单一中度阳性组(46例)、单一重度阳性组(52例)、多重轻度阳性组(43例)、多重中度阳性组(65例)、多重重度阳性组(58例),比较各组治疗前、治疗3、6、12、24个月的鼻部症状评分(TNSS)、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分及药物评分(TMS)变化。结果治疗后各组TNSS、VAS、TMS评分均较治疗前明显降低(均P<0.05),且治疗后3个月多重中度阳性组VAS评分高于单一中度阳性组[3.00(2.00,4.00)分比2.00(2.00,3.00)分](P<0.05),治疗后12个月单一重度阳性组TNSS评分明显低于多重重度阳性组[0.00(0.00,1.00)分比1.00(0.00,2.00)分](P<0.01),其余各时间段两组TNSS、VAS及TMS评分比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论舌下特异性免疫治疗(含服粉尘螨滴剂)用于单一和多重过敏AR均有效,且疗效相近。

Objective To analyse the efficacy of sublingual dermatophagoides farinea drops in the treatment of single and multiple allergic rhinitis(AR).Methods A total of 301 AR patients who received sublingual specific immunotherapy(sublingual dermatophagoides farinea drops)in the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of Yongchuan Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University from Feb.2016 to Jun.2019 were included.The patients were divided into a single mild positive group(37 cases),a single moderate positive group(46 cases),a single severe positive group(52 cases),a multiple mild positive group(43 cases),a multiple moderate positive group(65 cases),and a multiple severe group(58 cases)according to the level of intradermal test and the number of allergens before treatment.Total nasal symptom score(TNSS),visual analogue scale(VAS)score and total medication score(TMS)of each group were compared before treatment,and after 3,6,12 and 24 months of treatment.Results After treatment,TNSS,VAS and TMS of each group were significantly lower than those before treatment(all P<0.05),and VAS score of the multiple moderate positive group were higher than that of the single moderate positive group after 3 months of treatment[3.00(2.00,4.00)vs 2.00(2.00,3.00)](P<0.05).After 12 months of treatment,the TNSS of the single severe positive group was significantly lower than that of the multiple severe positive group[0.00(0.00,1.00)vs 1.00(0.00,2.00)](P<0.01),and there were no significant differences in TNSS,VAS and TMS between the two groups during other time periods(all P>0.05).Conclusion Sublingual specific immunotherapy(administration of dermatophagoides farinae drops)is effective for both single and multiple AR with similar efficacy.