高渗盐水在神经重症患者治疗中的应用

Application of Hypertonic Saline in Treatment of Severe Neurological Patients

常见的神经重症疾病包括创伤性脑损伤、急性缺血性脑卒中、蛛网膜下腔出血和脑出血等。神经重症疾病常引起脑水肿,从而导致颅内压升高。但由于经典脱水药物甘露醇存在不良反应等问题,其在神经重症患者降颅压治疗中的应用受限。近年高渗盐水成为降颅压药物研究的热点,其在降低颅压方面的有效性和安全性已得到一定认可,但目前关于其治疗方案及相关并发症方面的研究仍较少。同时,目前也缺乏不同浓度的高渗盐水在不同疾病导致的神经重症患者降颅压治疗中的具体方案和疗效的研究。因此,深入研究高渗盐水在神经重症患者中的应用及并发症的防治可以为疾病的治疗提供新思路。

Common severe neurological diseases include traumatic brain injury,acute ischemic stroke,subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral hemorrhage.Severe neurological diseases can often cause brain edema and increase intracranial pressure.Mannitol,a classic dehydration drug,is limited in its use because of its adverse effects.In recent years,hypertonic saline has become a research focus of intracranial pressure lowering drugs.A large number of data studies support the effectiveness and safety of hypertonic saline in reducing intracranial pressure,but its specific treatment regimen and related complications have not been systematically reported.There are not many large-scale studies on the therapeutic scheme and efficacy of different concentrations of hypertonic saline in the treatment of severe neurological patients caused by different diseases.Therefore,the in-depth study of the application of hypertonic saline in critical neurological patients,and prevention and treatment of the complications will provide new ideas for the treatment.