资本的特性、行为规律与发展规范

Capital:Characteristics,Laws of Behavior,and Development Norm

中国改革开放的一个重大理论突破就是承认并肯定资本在社会主义市场经济中的存在及其积极作用,一个重要经验就是边发展边规范。然而,资本的本性具有逐利性和扩张性,资本无限制无序扩张还在于法律的精细化程度、监管能力的完备化水平尚存不足。给资本设置“红绿灯”宜坚持以已有的、相对稳定的、法制化的监管体系为基础,再加以适当调整和完善。规则要简化,标准要统一,监管及时回应、动态调整,实质法治和形式法治实现有效统一。最后,在完善社会主义市场经济中,不仅仅是要规范资本本身的行为、还要规范资本无序扩张的外部环境。

The recognition and affirmation of the existence and positive role of capital in the socialist market economy is a major theoretical breakthrough in China’s reform and opening-up.It is an important lesson to allow capital to develop while putting it under proper regulation.However,it is the nature of capital to seek profits and expand.The chaos of capital also lies in the lack of detailed laws and incompetence of regulatory capacity.When setting“traffic lights”for capital,policymakers should adhere to existing regulatory system,which is relatively stable and legalized,while making appropriate adjustments and improvements.Rules should be simplified,standards should be unified,and regulation should be carried out in a responsive and timely manner,while adjustments should be made in accordance with the changing situation.Finally,in improving the socialist market economy,it is not only necessary to regulate the behavior of capital itself and separate industry from finance,but also to regulate the external environment contributing to the disorderly expansion of capital.