朝鲜语汉源词tsəmtsəm“渐渐”的本语化进程

The Nativization Process of the Korean Word of Chinese Origin tsδmtsδm

本文从语义及句法两方面考察了朝鲜语汉源词tsəmtsəm“渐渐”的本语化进程,同时通过与汉语比较,分析了实现本语化过程中表现出的新特点。语义上,tsəmtsəm的义项逐渐变少,但使用的语境范围有所扩大;句法上,tsəmtsəmX中X从以动词为主转变为以形容词为主,同时tsəmtsəm逐渐与谓词后附加各类句法形式搭配使用。实现X表示变化的手段多样。除了动词或形容词本身具有变化义外,更多是靠各类辅助动词来完成,这符合朝鲜语黏着性为主又有分析性的语法特点。

In the present paper,I examine the nativization process of tsδmtsδm,a Korean word of Chinese origin,from both the semanticand the syntactic aspects.By means of acomparison with its counterpartin Chinese,I analyze the new features emerging in its nativizing process.Semantically,tsδmtsδm has been reduced in its senses,but expanded in its contextual scope.Syntactically,adjectives instead of verbs serve primarily as the Xin the“tsδmtsδm X”construction,and tsδmtsδm gradually tends to co-occur with the various syntactic elements following the predicates.X indicates change,which is realized via multiple devices.In addition to verbs or adjectives which embody in themselves meanings of change,various auxiliary verbs are more frequently used to convey meanings of change,which is in line with the grammatical characteristics of the Korean language,which is primarly agglutinative but is also analytic.