不同轮套作模式对植烟土壤根际微生物群落的影响

Effects of Different Rotation and Relay Intercropping Patterns on Tobacco Rhizosphere Microbial Community

采集了不同作物(半夏、香菜、大蒜、蒲公英、射干、豌豆)与烟草轮套作后的土壤样品,通过分子生物学方法分析根际土壤中的微生物信息,探究不同轮套作模式下烟草根际微生物群落组成和多样性的差异。结果表明:除大蒜处理,其他处理均显著提高了细菌多样性,香菜和射干处理显著增加了真菌多样性;不同轮套作处理均显著改变了土壤细菌和真菌的群落结构组成,其中香菜处理的真菌群落组成与其他组差异最大,增加了座囊菌纲、伞菌纲等类群的丰度;香菜和蒲公英处理显著降低了α-变形菌纲和放线菌纲的相对丰度,增加了拟杆菌纲、Subgroup 6和Blastocatellia(Subgroup 4)的相对丰度,大蒜处理显著降低了拟杆菌纲的相对丰度,增加了放线菌门的相对丰度;豌豆轮套作和香菜轮套种对黑胫病和青枯病均有较好的抑制效果。

The rotation and relay intercropping of tobacco with Pinellia ternata,coriander,garlic,dandelion,Belamcanda chinensis and pea were adopted in our experiment,their rhizosphere soil samples were collected afterwards.The microoganism information of the soil samples was analyzed through molecular biology methods to explore the differences of tobacco rhizosphere microflora composition and diversity in different rotation and relay intercropping patterns.The results showed that all the treatments except for garlic significantly increased the bacterial diversity,and the treatments of coriander and Belamcanda chinensis significantly increased the fungal diversity.All the rotation and relay interplanting treatments significantly changed the community composition of soil bacteria and fungi.The fungal community composition of coriander treatment was most different from the other groups,with an increased abundance of Dothideomycetes and Agaricomycetes.Coriander and dandelion treatments significantly reduced the relative abundance of Alphaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria,and increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidia,Subgroup 6 and Blastocatellia (Subgroup 4).Garlic treatment significantly reduced Bacteroidia relative abundance and increased Actinobacteria relative abundance.The rotation and relay intercropping of tobacco with pea and coriander had good inhibitory effects on black shank disease and bacterial wilt.