不同种薯处理对马铃薯产量和商品薯率的影响

Effects of Different Seed Potato Treatments on Potato Yield and the Commercial Potato Rate

以费乌瑞它为供试马铃薯品种,通过L(4)正交试验设计,以氯吡苯脲(CPPU)、6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA)和薯块状态为因素,每个因素设置4个水平,考察不同因素及水平对马铃薯产量、商品薯率和匍匐茎生长的影响。结果表明:薯块状态对马铃薯产量的影响显著,切块薯播种能获得较高的商品薯率,整薯播种则能获得较高的单位面积产量;CPPU和6-BA处理对于产量的影响次之;3因素主要通过影响匍匐茎的生长尤其是匍匐茎的数量对马铃薯的产量和商品薯率产生影响。考虑实际生产中种薯运输和人工成本问题,在进行商品薯生产时建议用0.1 mg/L的CPPU和 0.3 mg/L的6-BA处理的小整薯(≤50 g)播种更有利于提高经济效益,推荐方案产量约1 004 kg/667m^(2),商品薯率为83.47%。

Taking "Favorita" as the tested potato variety,the L(4~3) orthogonal test was conducted to study the effects of four levels of three factors,forchlorfenuron (CPPU),6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and seed potato status,on potato yield,commercial potato rate and the growth of stolons.The results showed that the status of seed potato had a significant effect on yield,followed by CPPU and 6-BA;sowing with tuber cuts produced a relatively higher marketable potato rate;sowing with whole tubers generated a relatively higher yield per unit area.The three factors mainly affected the growth of stolons,especially the number of stolons,thus affecting potato yield and commercial potato rate.Considering the problems of seed potato transportation and labor cost in actual production,sowing small-sized whole potato tubers (≤50 g) treated with 0.1mg/L CPPU and 0.3mg/L 6-BA during commercial potato production is more conducive to improving economic benefits.The output of the recommended scheme is about 15 060 kg/hm^(2),and the commercial potato rate is 83.47%.