基于SYSWELD铝合金搅拌摩擦焊数值模拟及试验

SYSWELD Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on Friction Stir Welded Aluminum Alloy

在实际工业生产中,通过焊接试验的方法来获得焊缝组织和力学性能的成本较高,因此数值模拟成为预测焊缝微观组织和力学性能的主要方法。基于SYSWELD软件建立了6061-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊缝温度场和材料流动的模型,采用电子背散射衍射技术对焊缝区进行微观组织表征。结果表明:随着搅拌头转速的升高,焊接峰值温度和材料流速逐渐增大。焊缝横截面方向温度呈M形不对称分布,且前进侧比后退侧温度高。焊缝中心的晶粒尺寸随着转速的增加而增大、小角度晶粒比例增加且剪切织构强度增强;相同搅拌头转速下前进侧晶粒尺寸和小角度晶粒的比例比后退侧大。焊缝微观组织表征结果与温度场和材料流动的模拟结果基本吻合。

In actual industrial production,the cost of obtaining weld microstructure and mechanical properties by welding test is high,so numerical simulation has become the main method to predict weld microstructure and mechanical properties.The temperature field and the material flow of friction stir welded 6061-T6 aluminum alloy are established based on SYSWELD software.The microstructure of the weld is characterized by electron backscatter diffraction.The results showed that the peak temperature and material flow rate increased with the increase of the rotation rate.The cross-section of the weld showed an asymmetrical M-shaped temperature distribution,and the temperature on the advancing side was higher than that of the retreating side.Due to the increased rotation rate,the grain size,the ratio of low-angle grain boundaries,and the shear texture intensity increased.At the same rotation rate,the grain size and the ratio of low-angle grain boundaries on the advancing side are larger than those of the retreating side.The microstructure characterization results of the weld are consistent with the simulation results of temperature and material flow.