中低空太阳能无人机高效螺旋桨设计方法

Design Method of High-efficiency Propeller for Solar-powered UAV in Low Altitude

目前对于常规螺旋桨和高空螺旋桨的设计较多,而对中低空太阳能无人机螺旋桨的研究很少,因此提出一种针对中低空太阳能无人机的高效率螺旋桨设计方法。根据太阳能无人机的飞行跨度曲线,选取爬升和主要巡航高度为设计点,首先基于Betz最小能量损失的设计准则和片条理论及其逆向推导,计算各设计点下的弦长与桨距角分布;然后根据飞行跨度曲线对各设计点的计算结果进行权值分配,得到最终的设计弦长与桨距角分布;最后基于CFD数值模拟方法,对设计的螺旋桨性能进行仿真计算。结果表明:与常规螺旋桨效率相比较,在允许功率范围下,本文设计的螺旋桨效率在整个任务周期的飞行包线内均有明显提升,满足设计要求;本文提出的高效螺旋桨设计方法具有较高的应用价值。

Currently,the design of conventional propeller and high altitude propeller is popular,and the study on propeller for solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)in low altitude is few.Therefore,a high-efficiency propeller design method for solar-powered UAV in low altitude is proposed.According to the flight span curve of the solar-powered UAV,the climb and main cruise altitudes are selected as the design points.Firstly,based on the Betz minimum energy loss design criteria,strip theory and its reverse derivation,the chord length and pitch angular distribution under each design point are calculated.Secondly,the weights of the calculation results of each design point are assigned according to the flight span curve to obtain the final design chord length and pitch angle distribu⁃tion.Finally,based on CFD numerical simulation method,the performance of the designed propeller is performed with simulation and calculation.The results show that,compared with the conventional propeller,the efficiency of the propeller designed in this paper is significantly improved within the flight envelope of the entire mission cycle un⁃der the allowable power range and meets the design requirements.The proposed high-efficiency propeller design method has high application value.