毛囊黑色素干细胞在色素沉着障碍性疾病治疗中的前景

The therapeutic prospect of hair follicle melanocyte stem cells in skin pigmentary disorders

毛囊黑色素干细胞(McSCs)是一种特殊的干细胞群,存在于毛囊隆突区中,调控含色素毛囊的再生。复杂的外部微环境和宏观环境结合内部因素,调控着生理性毛发再生和病理损伤中McSCs的静止和激活。McSCs的研究是一个新兴领域,有助于探索正常黑色素细胞发育的潜在分子机制,以及干细胞系统缺陷所导致的疾病病理过程。该文通过综述McSCs生存、维持、增殖分化的重要调节因子和信号通路,以及在色素沉着障碍性疾病治疗中的应用前景,展示McSCs在细胞治疗和再生医学中作为通用供体的巨大潜力。

In hair follicles,melanocytes originate from melanocyte stem cells(McSCs).They directly adhere to hair follicle stem cells(the niche cells for McSCs)and reside in the hair follicle bulge-subbulge area,serving as a melanocyte reservoir for skin and hair pigmentation.McSCs form a stem cell system within the individual hair follicle and provide a"hair pigmentary unit"for each cycle of hair pigmentation.Melanocyte stem cells in hair follicles undergo cyclic activation,degeneration,and resting phases to pigment hair and preserve the stem cells.The quiescence,maintenance,activation,and proliferation of McSCs are controlled by specific activities in the niche,influencing the differentiation and regeneration of melanocytes.Therefore,the research on McSCs and niche would contribute to the application of McSCs in treating various skin pigmentary disorders.