震后区域复兴的生态智慧实践——日本三陆复兴国立公园

Practice of Ecological Wisdom on Post-Earthquake Regional Revival:Sanriku FukkōNational Park in Japan

融合了生态智慧的震后区域复兴对于实现“自然-社会”生态系统可持续发展具有重要意义。“3·11”东日本大地震后,日本政府为应对地震及海啸对自然环境和社会经济造成的破坏,整合优化原有的多个自然公园以成立“三陆复兴国立公园”作为推动区域复兴的重要举措之一,是基于生态智慧的灾后重建新途径。梳理以三陆复兴国立公园为核心的日本东北地区区域复兴再生理念、具体措施及建设支撑体系等内容,总结依托于自然保护地建设的灾后重建和区域复兴策略与经验,即在进行基础设施恢复和防灾减灾建设的同时,开展自然保护与修复及相关产业复兴,并推进文化教育。立足于这一可推广的模式,从生态智慧的自然观、资源观、文化观、生命观,以及规划管理经验等方面提出完善中国灾后重建框架的建议。

Integrated with ecological wisdom,regional strategy for post-earthquake reconstruction can be of great significance to realize sustainable revival and development of natural and social ecosystem.In response to the damage to the natural and built environment caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011,the Japanese government reorganized several natural parks in the northeast region into Sanriku FukkōNational Park to promote regional reconstruction,which is a new strategy of post-disaster reconstruction incorporated with ecological wisdom.Based on the regeneration concept,measures and supporting system of Sanriku FukkōNational Park,the regional strategy of post-disaster reconstruction is summarized which not only emphasizes the reconstruction of infrastructure,but also the preservation and revival of the natural and industrial system and the promotion of cultural education.Taking lessons from Sanriku FukkōNational Park,suggestions for improving China’s post-disaster reconstruction strategic framework are proposed incorporating ecological wisdom including visions of natural and cultural aspects,as well as planning and management strategies.