城市快速轨道交通发展与企业创新

Urban High-Speed Rail Transit Development and Corporate Innovation

随着中国城市化进程的不断推进,快速轨道交通作为现代化公共交通体系中的重要一环,对城市经济发展,尤其是企业创新具有重要意义。本文基于2000-2013年中国工业企业数据、专利数量和引用数据以及快速轨道交通站点信息,使用空间双重差分方法识别了快速轨道交通发展对企业专利活动的影响。研究发现,快速轨道交通发展对周边企业创新水平有显著正向促进作用;进一步的机制检验证实,快速轨道交通主要通过加快知识流扩散、引致创新型企业集聚等渠道提升企业创新水平。因此,应充分重视快速轨道交通发展对提升城市内部关键区位可达性的作用,优化围绕轨道交通形成的局部集聚,实现快速轨道交通在城市内更大尺度的创新溢出。

With the continuous advancement of urbanization in China,high-speed rail transit,as a necessary part of the modern public transport system,is becoming increasingly important for urban economic growth,especially for corporate innovation.Based on data on Chinese industrial enterprises,the number of authorised patents and patent citation data,as well as information regarding urban high-speed rail transit stations from between 2000 and 2013,this paper employs a spatial difference-in-differences(DID)strategy to identify the impact of the construction of high-speed rail transit stations on corporate patent activity.The study finds that high-speed rail transit presents a significant positive promotional effect on the innovation level of related enterprises.The mechanisms that channel this effect reflect the fact that high-speed rail transit can promote the diffusion of knowledge flow and the agglomeration of enterprises and service facilities.It further verifies the high-speed rail transit channels that improve corporate innovation.Policy makers should therefore pay attention to the role of high-speed rail transit in improving the accessibility of tech-clusters within cities,optimizing the local agglomeration formed around rail transit and strengthening the large-scale innovation spillover effect of high-speed rail transit within cities.