节能目标政策与区域协调发展:来自中国企业的证据

Energy-Saving Target Policies and Regional Coordinated Development:Evidence from Chinese Firms

五年规划节能目标具有向经济欠发达地区配置更多能源要素的特征。本文使用中国制造业企业能源经济数据,研究发现“十一五”规划节能目标政策未能促进区域协调发展,反而显著抑制了节能目标较低地区企业总产值增长。究其原因,一方面节能目标较低地区企业低效率使用能源,造成能源要素在地区间错配;另一方面该政策对经济生产激励不足,既未促进企业扩大要素投入,又未引进更多新增企业。虽然节能目标较低地区的制造业高能耗行业与采矿业企业得以发展,但均未能带动当地制造业乃至工业全行业发展。本研究为中国在新发展阶段合理制定区域节能政策提供了有益参考。

The energy-saving targets of the five-year plan generally allocate more energy elements to economically underdeveloped areas.Based on energy economic data for Chinese manufacturing enterprises,this paper finds that the energy-saving target policies of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan do not promote regional coordinated development and significantly inhibit the growth of the total output value of enterprises in low energy-saving target areas.On the one hand,the policies have made enterprises use energy less efficiently in low energy-saving target areas,resulting in a mismatch in energy factors among regions.On the other hand,insufficient incentives for economic production have failed to get enterprises to expand factor inputs in low energy-saving target provinces,and they have been unable to introduce more new enterprises.Although energy-intensive manufacturing industries and mining enterprises in such areas have been developing,they have failed to boost local manufacturing and industry-wide development.This research can provide a useful reference for China to reasonably formulate regional energy-saving policies in the new development stage.