放射性污染伤口洗消剂配方的设计及效果评价

Formulation design of a decontaminant for radioactive contamination wounds and evaluation of its effect

目的 研制一种可有效清除体表伤口放射性物质污染的洗消剂配方。方法 采用单因素实验考察评价待选物质对放射性核素的洗消效果,确定配方组成;正交实验法确定洗消剂各组分的配比,并评价该配方对不同核素的洗消效果。结果 筛选获得放射性污染伤口洗消剂的主成分及配比,结果显示在羟基乙叉二磷酸(HEDP)、二乙基三胺五乙酸(DTPA)、羧甲基壳聚糖(CMCHS)含量分别为1.5%、4.0%、1.0%时该洗消剂对放射性核素U和Cs的洗消效果最好。该配方对放射性核素Co、Sr、Cs、Ce、U的洗消效率分别达到93.6%、90.9%、95.2%、91.9%和97.7%,均明显优于生理盐水。结论 该配方可作为放射性伤口污染洗消剂的主成分配方,为研制新型放射性伤口污染洗消剂提供数据支持。

Objective To develop a recipe for a disinfectant which can effectively remove radioactive material contamination from body surface wounds. Methods The washing effect of the material to be selected on radionuclides was evaluated by a single factor experiment,the composition of the formula was determined,and the proportion of each component of the washing agent was determined by an orthogonal experiment. Results The principal components and their proportions of the disinfectant for radioactive wounds were screened and obtained. The results of analysis showed that when the percentages of 1-hydroxy ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid(HEDP),diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid(DTPA)and carboxymethyl chitosan(CMCHS)were 1.5%,4.0% and 1.0%,the decontaminant had the best washing effect on U and Cs. The efficiency of the disinfectant against Co,Sr,Cs,Ce and U reached 93.6%,90.9%,95.2%,91.9% and 97.7%,which was obviously better than that of normal saline(NS). Conclusion The recipe can be used to determine the principal components of a radioactive wound disinfectant,which can provide data support for the development of a new type of disinfectant for radioactive wounds.