热处理对木材吸湿吸水性的影响及其机理研究概述

Effects of Heat Treatment on Moisture Adsorption and Water Absorption ofWood and Underlying Occurrences:a Mini Review

随着我国木材资源供需矛盾的逐渐加剧,高效利用人工林木材资源已成为我国社会经济可持续发展的重大战略选择之一。我国人工林面积居世界首位,但木材材质较差,制约了其应用范围,因而通过改性处理提高其使用性能具有重要意义。热处理作为一项非常重要的木材改性技术,能够有效改善木材尺寸稳定性和耐久性等性能,已获得较为广泛的产业化应用。但不论将其应用于室内或户外,其产品自身的吸湿性和吸水性会导致使用性能受到影响。因此,为降低水分的不良影响,实现热处理木材的高效合理利用,研究热处理对木材吸湿吸水性的影响及其作用机理十分必要。本文总结、阐述了热处理木材吸湿性和吸水性变化规律及其主要影响因素与作用机理的研究现状及进展,并对热处理木材吸湿吸水性变化规律及其影响机理研究中存在的问题和发展思路进行了探讨,以期为优化木材热处理工艺、提高热处理木材质量及实现热处理木材尺寸稳定化的可控性提供借鉴和参考。

The intensified contradiction between the supply and the demand of China's timber resources has fueled the emergence of a more efficient way of utilizing artificial woods,as one of the major strategic decisions,for its sustainable development in forestry.Although China owns the largest coverage of man-made forest globally,the poor quality of wood limits its application range.Hence,wood modification is of great significance for the desired performance and functionality as it can improve both physical properties and mechanical properties of the timber.Heat treatment,an important wood modification technology,which can effectively strengthen the dimensional stability and durability of wood,has been widely applied in industries.However,whether the products are used indoors or outdoors,the performance of heat-treated wood will still be affected due to its own water adsorption and absorption properties.It is essential to explore how thermal modification affects moisture adsorption and absorption properties,in order to further reduce the detrimental effects of moisture,and to ensure an efficient implementation.This paper elaborates and summarizes the research status and the progress of changes of moisture adsorption and water absorption properties in heat-treated wood,as well as the main influencing factors and mechanisms.Meanwhile,it also discusses some existing problems and future research directions,which is expected to provide references to the optimization of modification process,the improvement of quality and the control of dimension stabilization of modified wood.