河南省65岁及以上老年人群抑郁情绪现状及影响因素

A study on the current status of depression and influencing factors in older adults aged 65 and over in Henan Province

目的了解河南省65岁及以上老年人群抑郁情绪现状及其影响因素,重点关注隔辈家庭老年人抑郁情绪。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法抽取,基线资料采用自编问卷进行收集,老年抑郁情绪筛查采用简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)。结果本次调查最终收集65岁及以上老年人7673名,2265名检出抑郁情绪(29.52%)。Logistic回归分析显示孙辈照看方式、宗教信仰、地区、生活自理程度等15个因素影响65岁及以上老年人群抑郁情绪,其中孙辈照看方式中,相对于与子女共同照看,老年人独自照看是老年抑郁情绪的保护性因素[OR(95%CI)=0.613(0.499,0.755),P<0.01];相对于有宗教信仰,无宗教信仰是老年抑郁情绪的危险性因素[OR(95%CI)=1.281(1.102,1.488),P<0.01];个人收入水平中相对于收入≥4000元,个人收入1000~1999元[OR(95%CI)=0.638(0.464,0.877),P<0.01]、2000~2999元[OR(95%CI)=0.567(0.432,0.744),P<0.01]、3000~3999元[OR(95%CI)=0.584(0.448,0.761),P<0.01]是老年抑郁情绪的保护性因素,保护水平随其收入增加而增加;职业中,相对于离退休,工人[OR(95%CI)=0.332(0.273,0.405),P<0.01]、农民[OR(95%CI)=0.391(0.296,0.516),P<0.01]、专业技术和管理人员[OR(95%CI)=0.514(0.402,0.656),P<0.01]是老年抑郁情绪的保护性因素,影响水平有减弱趋势;农村[OR(95%CI)=0.686(0.586,0.804),P<0.01]、女性[12.086,OR(95%CI)=0.820(0.734,0.917),P<0.01]是老年抑郁情绪的危险性因素。结论河南省65岁及以上老年人群抑郁情绪检出率较高,其影响因素复杂多样,相关部门采取针对性措施需灵活多变。

Objective To understand the current status of depression in older people aged 65 and over in Henan Province,and to study its influencing factors,with a focus on depression in older adults in grandparent families.Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used.Baseline data about older people aged 65 and over were collected by self-designed questionnaires,the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS-15)was used to assess depression.Results A total of 7673 valid questionnaires about older adults aged 65 and over were collected,and the rate of depression was 29.52%(2265).Logistic regression analysis showed that 15 factors,such type of parenting,religious belief,region,degree of self-care,affected depression in older people aged 65 and above.Compared with regular parenting,grandparenting alone was a protective factor for depression[OR(95%CI)=0.613(0.499-0.755),P<0.01];compared with religious belief,no religious belief was a risk factor for depression[OR(95%CI)=1.281(1.102-1.488),P<0.01];compared with income≥￥4000,incomes between￥1000-1999[OR(95%CI)=0.638(0.464-0.877),P<0.01],between￥2000-2999[OR(95%CI)=0.567(0.432-0.744),P<0.01]and between￥3000-3999[OR(95%CI)=0.584(0.448-0.761),P<0.01]were protective factors for depression,with higher income showing stronger protection;compared with retirement,working had a protective effect,but the protective strength decreased in the order of working as urban labor,[OR(95%CI)=0.332(0.273-0.405),P<0.01],as farmers[OR(95%CI)=0.391(0.296-0.516),P<0.01],and as professionals or managers[OR(95%CI)=0.514(0.402-0.656),P<0.01];living in rural areas[OR(95%CI)=0.686(0.586-0.804),P<0.01]and female[OR(95%CI)=0.820(0.734-0.917),P<0.01]were risk factors for depression.Conclusions There is currently a high rate of depression in older people aged 65 and over in Henan Province.Its influence factors are complicated and variable.Intervention measures taken by institutions need to adapt to specific circumstances.