永定河流域健康评估及其变化分析

Health Assessment and Change Analysis of Yongding River Basin

人类社会的高速发展导致流域水资源短缺和水环境污染等问题日益严重。永定河流域作为海河流域的重要组成部分,流经内蒙古、山西、河北、北京、天津5个省(自治区、直辖市),其健康发展状况对所在地区具有重要影响并值得深入研究。本研究在综合分析国内外流域健康评价方法的基础上,构建永定河流域健康评价指标体系,采用综合指数评价法和层次分析法对永定河流域18个子流域2005-2020年的健康状况进行评价。研究结果表明,永定河流域在2005-2020年整体健康状况无明显变化,个别子流域健康状况在前期有小幅度恶化的现象,但整体在2020年得到改善。通过分析流域健康变化原因认为,水资源量匮乏、经济发展不平衡以及人类活动剧烈干扰是导致永定河流域健康状况一般及局部恶化的主要原因,并据此给出了永定河流域健康管理的对策和建议,为永定河流域的合理开发利用与保护提供参考。

The rapid development of human society has led to increasingly serious problems such as water resources shortage and water environment pollution in the basin.As an important part of Haihe River basin,the Yongding River Basin spans Inner Mongolia,Shanxi,Hebei,Beijing,and Tianjin,and its healthy development has an important impact on the region and deserves further study.Based on the comprehensive analysis of watershed health evaluation methods at home and abroad,this study constructs the health evaluation index system of the Yongding River Basin,and evaluates the health status of 18 sub-basins of the Yongding River Basin from 2005 to 2020 by using comprehensive index evaluation method and analytic hierarchy process.The experimental results show that there is no obvious change in the overall health status of the Yongding River Basin from 2005 to 2020,and the health status of individual sub-basins has deteriorated slightly in the early stage,but the overall health status has improved in 2020.By analyzing the reasons for the changes in the health of the watershed,it is considered that the lack of water resources,the unreasonable development of the economy and the severe interference of human activities are the main reasons for the general and local deterioration of the health status of the Yongding River Basin.Based on this,the countermeasures and suggestions for the health management of the Yongding River Basin are given to provide reference for the rational development,utilization and protection of the Yongding River Basin.