长距离调水工程建设与安全运行集成研究及应用

Integrated research and application of construction and safe operation of long-distance water transfer projects

基于国家跨流域调水工程建设重大需求和相关学科国内外最新研究发展,以滇中引水、引汉济渭、新疆大埋深隧洞等典型调水工程为依托,针对“大埋深隧洞开挖围岩响应模式与灾变机制”、“大埋深隧洞围岩–支护体系协同承载机理与全寿命设计理论”、“地震等自然灾害下输水建筑物的响应特征及灾变模式”等重大科学问题,以及“大埋深隧洞灾害预测预报与防治成套技术”、“隧洞穿越活断层抗断技术”、“大跨度高架渡槽抗震技术”、“闸泵阀关键设备研发及智能控制技术”、“调水工程全寿命周期安全监控与调控技术”等关键技术,开展了包括“大埋深隧洞岩体工程特性测试技术与综合评价方法”在内的10个方面的研究。提出了千米级深埋隧洞的地球物理探测及岩体特性测试技术与围岩特性评价方法,形成了隧洞高压突涌水预测与防治成套技术,开发了15 MPa超高压灌浆技术装备,提出了隧洞穿越错动量达0.5 m活断层抗断结构,研发了Ⅷ度强震区大型高架渡槽的抗震技术,并研制完成了220 m扬程40 MW级泵组、DN2000智能流量调节阀安全控制成套技术,形成了长距离调水工程建设及安全运行成套技术装备。项目相关研究成果已在依托工程中示范应用,为工程建设运行提供了坚实的技术支撑,同时有助于推动长距离调水及相关工程领域的技术进步,保障中国水资源宏观调控战略的有效实施,具有显著的社会、经济和生态效益。

According to the major needs of the national inter-basin water transfer projects in China and the worldwide research situations of related disciplines,the research program focuses on the integrated research and application of construction and safe operation of long-distance water transfer projects.Based on the typical water transfer projects such as the water diversion project in central Yunnan,the water diversion project from Hanjiang River to Weihe River and the tunnel project with large buried depth in Xinjiang.The researches on ten aspects including“Testing technology and comprehensive evaluation method for rock mass characteristics of tunnels with large buried depth”are conducted,aiming at the significant scientific issues such as“response mode and disaster mechanism of excavation of surrounding rock of large buried tunnels”,“coordinated bearing mechanism and life-cycle design theory of surrounding rock-support system of large buried tunnels”and“response characteristics and disaster mode of water conveyance buildings under natural disasters such as earthquakes”,and the following key technologies:“complete set of disaster prediction and prevention technology of large buried tunnels”,“fracture resistance technology of tunnel lining crossing active faults”,“seismic mitigation technology of long-span high-rise aqueduct”,“development and intelligent control technology of key equipments of gates,pumps and valves”,and“life cycle safety monitoring and regulation technology of water transfer projects”.The geophysical detection,the testing technology of rock mass characteristic and the evaluation method for characteristics of surrounding rock of deep buried tunnels are put forward.A complete set of technology for the prediction and prevention of high-pressure water inrush in tunnels is formed.A 15 MPa ultra-high pressure grouting technical equipment is developed.The anti-fracture structure of the tunnel crossing an active fault with a displacement of 0.5 m is put forward.A large-scale high-pressure grouting structure in theⅧ-degree strong earthquake area is developed.The seismic mitigation technology of aqueduct and the complete set of safety control technology of 220 m-lift and 40 MW-grade-power pump unit and DN2000 intelligent flow-control valve are developed and completed.The relevant research results are applied in some projects,and satisfactory benefits are achieved.