高寒区长距离供水工程能力提升与安全保障技术

Improvement of capacity and safety protection technology for long-distance water delivery projects in cold regions

长距离引调水是解决水资源时空分布不均,保障国家水资源重大战略布局的重要措施,属于名副其实的“生命线”工程。位于中国西北地区的供水渠道大多面对极端寒冷、异常干旱、复杂地质环境等恶劣自然条件,冻胀、水胀、盐胀等灾害频发,极大影响渠道供水效率,严重威胁渠道运行安全,成为制约地方社会经济可持续发展的巨大障碍。“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目“高寒区长距离供水工程能力提升与安全保障技术”以北疆大型供水渠道工程为依托,以水资源高效利用为目标,以确保供水安全为宗旨,以工程防灾减灾为突破点,通过近四年联合攻关,在高寒区输水渠道劣化机理、抗冻升级改造技术、低温运行控制技术以及安全保障与风险防控技术等方面取得一系列创新成果,社会、经济和环境效益显著,应用前景广阔,意义重大。

The long-distance water delivery is the important measure to solve the uneven spatial and temporal distribution of water resources and to ensure the major strategic layout of the national water resources in China,and it is worthy of the name lifeline project Water delivery canals in Northwest China face the Most harsh natural conditions such as extreme cold,abnormal drought and complex geological environment,which may result in frequent disasters such as frost heave,water swelling and salt swelling.Accordingly,the watersupply efficiency of the canals is affected and their operational safety is threatened,which greatly hinders the sustainable development of the local society and economy.The National Key Research and Development Program of China during the 13th Five-Year Plan period"Long-distance water supply engineering capacity improvement and safety assurance technology in alpine regions"was implemented.Based on the large water supply canal inNorthern Xinjiang,the program aims at the efficient utilization of water resources to ensure the safety of water supply and to realize the disaster prevention and Mitigation.After the joint researches for nearly four years,a series of innovations were achieved in the deterioration mechanism of water delivery canals in cold regions,the upgrading and transformation technology of canal anti-freezing,the control technology of low-temperature operation of canals,and the safety guarantee and risk prevention and control technology of canals cold in alpine regions.The relevant achievements have been widely used in large-scale water supply projects in Northern Xinjiang,and have achieved significant social,economic and environmental benefits,with broad application prospects and great significance.