基于主成分分析的营养素模式与糖代谢异常的关联研究

THE RELATION SHIP BETWEEN NUTRIENT PATTERNS AND ABNORMAL GLUCOSE METOBOLISM BASED ON PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS

目的 探讨广西地区膳食营养素模式与糖代谢异常的关联性。方法 利用2015年全国慢病营养监测在广西开展调查收集的数据,以18~75岁居民为对象,利用3d 24h膳食调查资料结合称重法来获取居民各种膳食营养素的摄入量,采用主成分分析构建营养素模式,用非条件Logistic回归分析计算不同营养素模式与糖调节受损、糖尿病的发病风险。结果 共2108人符合条件纳入研究,主成分分析共提取“均衡营养素模式”“高纤维高矿物质模式”“高维生素模式”“高脂肪模式”“高钠模式” 5种营养素摄入模式,Logistic回归分析结果显示,以“均衡营养素模式”为参比时,单因素分析或校正性别、城乡、年龄、民族等9个影响因素,均未观察到其余4种营养素模式与糖调节受损或糖尿病之间存在统计学关联。将糖调节受损与糖尿病合并为空腹血糖异常作为因变量进行Logistic回归分析,结果单因素分析和校正后Logistic回归分析均显示“高维生素模式”与降低糖代谢异常的发病风险有关,OR(95%CI)为0.663(0.444~0.989),校正OR(95%CI)为0.654(0.433~0.988),其余模式未观察到统计学差异。结论 相对于均衡营养素摄入模式,富含维生素A、胡萝卜素、维生素B2及维生素C的高维生素模式与降低糖代谢异常的发病风险有关。[营养学报,2022,44(2):156-163]

Objective To study the relationship between dietary nutrient patterns and abnormal glucose metabolism in adults in Guangxi Province. Methods The data were from the National Chronic Disease and Nutrition Survey of Guangxi in 2015. Residents aged 18-75 were selected as the study subjects. The dietary information was collected by the 3d 24 dietary record method and dietary weighing method. Principal components analysis was used to extract the nutrient pattern.Non-conditional Logistic regression analysis was used to analys the relationship between different nutrient patterns and diabetes or impaired fasting glucose(IFG). Results A total of 2108 sample were included in our study. Five nutrient patterns extracted by principal component analysis were named as “balanced nutrient pattern” “high fiber and high mineral pattern”“high vitamin pattern” “high fat pattern”, and “high sodium pattern”. Diabetes and pre-diabetes were used as dependent variables for Logistics regression analysis, respectively. There was no statistical difference when compared to “balanced nutrient pattern” by univariate analysis or in adjust model. We merged the diabetes and pre-diabetes as IFG to conduct Logistic regression analysis again. The results showed that “high vitamin pattern” was associated with reduced risk of IFG, in which OR(95%CI) was 0.663(0.444-0.989) and adjust OR(95%CI) was 0.654(0.433-0.988). Conclusion Compared with balanced nutrient pattern, the high vitamin pattern rich in vitamin A, carotene, vitamin B2 and vitamin C was associated with a significantly lower risk of IFG. [ACTA NUTRIMENTA SINICA, 2022, 44(2):156-163]