靖江市农贸市场散装熟食制品微生物检测结果分析

Analysis of Microbiological Test Results of Bulk Cooked Food Products in Jingjiang Farmers Market

目的:了解靖江市农贸市场散装熟食制品微生物污染状况,分析微生物检测结果,为食源性疾病的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法:随机选取2020年4月—2021年4月靖江市农贸市场散装熟食制品共236份,其中熟肉制品和酱腌菜类制品各118份,对其进行微生物检验与结果分析。结果:检测的236份散装熟食制品中,达标份数为97份,达标率为41.10%,其中熟肉制品微生物达标率为33.90%(40/118),酱腌菜为48.31%(57/118),有统计学意义(P<0.05);第一季度、第四季度散装熟食达标率均高于第二、三季度(P<0.01)。在所有样品中共检出菌株89株,其中沙门菌检出率显著高于副溶血性弧菌(P<0.01),金黄色葡萄球菌检出率显著高于沙门菌、志贺菌、副溶血性弧菌(P<0.01);第一季度、第二季度、第四季度散装熟食制品大肠菌群达标率、菌落总数达标率显著高于第三季度,第一季度达标率显著高于第二季度(P<0.01)。结论:靖江市农贸市场散装熟食制品整体检测达标率处于较低水平,其中以第三季度散装熟食制品达标率最低,且以金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门菌污染为主,提示其存在引发食物中毒的隐患,有关部门应切实加强对散装熟食制品的监管力度。

Objective:To understand the microbial contamination status of bulk cooked food products in Jingjiang farmers market,analyze the microbial detection results,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases.Method:From April 2020 to April 2021,a total of 236 bulk cooked food products in Jingjiang farmers market were randomly selected,including 118 cooked meat products and 118 pickled vegetables products,respectively,for microbiological examination and results analysis.Result:Among the 236 bulk cooked food products tested,97 were up to the standard,and the up-to-standard rate was 41.10%,of which the microbiological upto-standard rate of cooked meat products was 33.90%(40/118),and the pickled vegetables were 48.31%(57/118),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the compliance rates of bulk cooked food in the first and fourth quarters were significantly higher than those in the second and third quarters(P<0.01).A total of 89 strains were detected in all samples,among which the qualified rate of Salmonella is significantly higher than that of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was significantly higher than that of Vibrio parahaemolyticus(P<0.01),and the compliance rate of Staphylococcus aureus was higher than that of Salmonella,Shigella,and Vibrio parahaemolyticus(P<0.01).In the fourth quarter,the compliance rate of coliform bacteria and the total number of colonies of bulk cooked food products were higher than those in the third quarter,and the compliance rate in the first quarter was higher than that in the second quarter,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion:The overall inspection compliance rate of bulk cooked food products in farmers’s markets is at a low level.Among them,the compliance rate of bulk cooked food products in the third quarter is the lowest,and the main pollution is Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella,suggesting that there are hidden dangers of food poisoning.Relevant departments should effectively strengthen the supervision of bulk cooked food products.