健康防疫导向下镇村规划路径再思考——基于不确定性理论分析视角

Rethinking of Town and Village Planning Under the Guidance of Health and Epidemic Prevention:From the Perspective of Uncertainty Theory

此次疫情的发展进一步凸显了健康镇村规划的重要性,使得镇村规划处在正视不确定性、应对不确定性的大思考中。该文结合镇村在镇村一体化联防、公共卫生设施布局以及治理水平的疫情防控的脆弱性,以空间布局、社会服务、治理体系、信息传递为原则,从营造韧性镇村空间结构单元、谨慎布局镇村非公共卫生安全类设施、完善村镇应急系统、提高镇村监测管控效率4个方面提出非常规公共卫生事件下应对镇村发展和规划产生的不确定性,同时,运用“不确定性”理论,引入“渐进式”战略性空间预留、“上控中弹下馈”的层级化弹性利用和“均衡互补”的底线管控思维方法,探索在国土空间规划层面应对健康镇村未来发展不确定性的规划策略。

The development of the epidemic further highlights the importance of healthy town and village planning,which makes the town and village planning in the thinking of facing up to and dealing with uncertainty.Combined with the vulnerability of epidemic prevention and control of towns and villages in the integrated joint prevention,the layout of public health facilities and the level of governance,and based on the principles of spatial layout,social services,governance system and information transmission,we put forward to deal with the uncertainty caused by town and village development and planning under unconventional public health events from four aspects:creating a resilient spatial structure unit of towns and villages,carefully distributing non-public health and safety facilities in towns and villages,improving the village emergency system,improving the efficiency of town and village monitoring and control.At the same time,using the"uncertainty"theory,we introduce the thinking method of"progressive"strategic space reservation,hierarchical and flexible utilization of"shot in upper control and feed down"and bottom line prevention and control of"balanced and complementary".We also explore a transmission strategy suitable for healthy town and village planning to deal with development uncertainty under the guidance of land and space planning.