有机物料与土壤质地对土壤球囊霉素的影响

Influence of Organic Amendments Types and Soil Texture on Soil Glomalin

研究有机物料类型和土壤质地对土壤球囊霉素含量的影响,可对合理施用有机肥、增加土壤生产力提供重要的理论和实践依据。通过室内培养试验,借助核磁共振与磷脂脂肪酸分析技术,研究分别添加猪粪有机肥、玉米秸秆、油菜秸秆后3种不同黏粒含量的土壤中微生物量碳和氮、球囊霉素含量以及磷脂脂肪酸含量的变化。结果表明,3种有机物料的理化性质有较大差异,猪粪有机肥的碳/氮较低(9.7),含有较多的烷基碳(27.1%)和含氮烷基碳(10.8%),可显著提高土壤球囊霉素、微生物量碳和氮含量以及细菌、真菌和总磷脂脂肪酸含量。玉米秸秆则含有较多的木质素(39.8%),腐解较为缓慢,其土壤球囊霉素、微生物量碳和氮含量以及细菌、真菌和总磷脂脂肪酸含量显著低于其余有机物料处理。土壤黏粒含量较低的处理微生物量碳和氮以及总磷脂脂肪酸含量较低,微生物活性较弱,导致土壤球囊霉素含量显著低于黏粒含量较高的处理;但是,土壤黏粒含量太高会降低真菌的磷脂脂肪酸含量。综上,猪粪有机肥可快速促进微生物的生长繁殖、提高土壤球囊霉素的含量,且与土壤黏粒含量密切相关。

The research on the effects of organic amendments types and soil texture on soil glomalin content can provide important theoretical and practical basis for appropriately applying organic fertilizer and increasing soil productivity.In this study,through laboratory culture experiment,the change of the soil glomalin content,the soil microbial biomass carbon(C)and nitrogen(N)contents,and phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA)content in the three soils with different clay contents under the addition of the pig manure,maize and rape straw were studied with the aid of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and PLFA analysis.The results showed that the three organic amendments had significant variation in physicochemical properties.Compared to rape and maize straw,the pig manure had the low C/N ratio(9.7),the high alkyl C(27.1%),and N-alkyl C(10.8%)which significantly increased the contents of the soil glomalin,microbial biomass C and N,and bacteria,fungi,and total PLFA.The maize straw which had higher lignin content(39.8%)was decomposed slowly and its contents of the soil glomalin,microbial biomass C and N,and bacteria,fungi,and total PLFA were significantly lower than those in other organic amendments.The treatment with lower soil clay content had lower contents of microbial biomass C and N and total PLFA contents,and weaker microbial activity,causing significantly low content of the soil glomalin than that in other treatments with higher content of clay.However,too high content of the soil clay could decrease the fungi PLFA content.In summary,the pig manure could rapidly promote growth and reproduction of microorganism,enhance the soil glomalin content,and this process was also closely related to soil clay content.