图书情报学的定律研究

On the Laws for Library and Information Science

图书情报学的定律是一种重要的理论形式,其内容的科学性与价值性应该得到分析和讨论。使用文献法搜集到图书情报学的定律共十余个。依据哲学及科学哲学的相关理论,将这些定律具体划分为具有事实命题特征的定律、具有价值命题特征的定律、具有规范命题特征的定律3种类型,并就这些定理定律赖以产生的数据与研究方法进行分析,从而对其类别与特性做出判断。事实性定律是以文献计量学六大定律为代表,这与数理科学的定理定律最为接近。价值性定律是以图书馆学新五定律为代表,表达本学科及职业的价值观、精神、使命、目的、目标、道德伦理等。它们不是人类无法违背的客观规律,而是可以自主选择的主观信条。规范性定律是以阮冈纳赞图书馆学五定律为代表,具体表现为本专业及职业的法律法规、管理原则、技术规程等。这3类定律之间存在必然联系,是实现学科知识一体化的依据。

The law of library and information science is an important theoretical form,and the scientificity and value of its contents should be analyzed and discussed.Using the literature method,more than ten laws of library and information science are collected.According to the relevant theories of philosophy and philosophy of science,these laws are divided into three types:laws with the characteristics of fact propositions,laws with the characteristics of value propositions and laws with the characteristics of normative propositions.The data and research methods on which these laws depend are analyzed,so as to judge their categories and characteristics.The factual laws are represented by the six laws of bibliometrics,which are closest to the theorems and laws of mathematical sciences.The valuable laws are represented by the new five laws of library science,which express the values,spirit,mission,purpose,goal,morality and ethics of the discipline and profession.They are not objective laws that human beings cannot violate,but subjective creeds that can be chosen independently.The normative laws are represented by Ranganathan’s Five Laws of Library Science,which is embodied in the laws and regulations,management principles,and technical regulations of the discipline and profession.There is an inevitable connection between these three kinds of laws,which is the basis for the integration of subject knowledge.